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Respiratory + Digestive System - Coggle Diagram
Respiratory + Digestive System
Blood vessels (Capillaries)
Respiratory system
Blood vessels carry carbon dioxide on the red blood cells into the alveoli, where they are exchanged for oxygen. This occurs via passive diffusion through the membrane of the capillaries.
Digestive system
In the small intestine, nutrients and water are absorbed through the villi into the capillaries via passive diffusion through the cell membrane of the villi (1 cell length), which then transport them into cells to prepare for glycolysis.
Digestive system
Absorbing nutrients
In the small intestine, nutrients and water are absorbed through the villi into the capillaries via passive diffusion through the cell membrane of the villi (1 cell length), which then transport them into cells to prepare for glycolysis.
Overall
The digestive system aims to break down food consumed and extract key nutrients. food is broken down in the
Initial breakdown of food
The digestive system starts in the mouth, where food is broken down by mastication and complex carbohydrates are broken down into monomers. Then, food travels down the esophagus into the stomach where food is broken down by acid and enzymes
Nutralizing pH
Bile is produced in the liver and is stored in the gallbladder. Bile is released into the first section of the small intestine, called the duodenum. Bile neutralizes the pH in the acidic environment, and most importantly, increases the surface area of fats by emulsifying them.
Further breakdown of food
Enzymes produced in the liver and pancreas are delivered into the small intestine (Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum), which break down food into glucose monomers, amino acids, fatty acids and glycerol.
Dispelling food
ATP (Energy)
ATP is used universally in the body as energy.
Respiratory system
The entire respiratory system's goal is to extract oxygen from the air and expel carbon dioxide in the body. Oxygen is transferred from the alveoli into the cells in your body, then used in glycolysis to create ATP.
ATP is produced in cellular respiration, with the formula 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + C10H16N5O13P3 + 6H2O +
Digestive system
The entire digestive system's goal is to extract key nutrients, such as proteins to use as amino acids and glucose to fuel their cells. This is done by transporting glucose into cells, and using glycolysis to form ATP.
Respiratory system
The process begins with the diaphragm contracting and the lungs expanding, creating a low pressure zone. This forces the air outside your body to travel through you nasal organs and your mouth and into the trachea, leaving a low pressure zone outside your body and a high pressure zone in your lungs.
Then, when you hold your breath, pressures in your lung and outside neutralize and you momentarily stop breathing in air. Air then travels down through your trachea into the bronchus, into the bronchiole (smaller airways) and into the alveoli.
The alveoli are next to capillaries which contain deoxygenated blood cells, and the alveoli exchange oxygen in them for carbon dioxide in the red blood cells, which are spread out through the body for glycolysis.
The diaphragm then relaxes, creating a high pressure zone in your lungs, and air escapes your lungs into the air outside. The process is then repeated