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Crime and Deviance - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Arrests and Caution: in 2006/7 the arrest rate was 3.6 times the rate for whites. By contrast, once arrested blacks and Asians were less likely to receive a caution.
      - Prosecution: Crown Prosecution are more likely to drop cases against ethnic minorities.
      - Trial: when cases go ahead, ethnic minorities are more likely to elect for trial before a jury in the Crown Court rather than in a magistrate’s court. May reflect mistrust of magistrates.
      - Convictions: black and Asian defendants are less likely to be found guilty. In 2006/7, 60% of white defendants were found guilty as against only 52% of blacks and 44% of Asians.
      - Sentencing: in 2006/7 custodial sentences were given to a greater proportion of black offenders than white or Asian offenders, whereas whites and Asians were more likely to receive community sentences.
      - Pre-sentence reports: Hudson and Bramhall argue that pre-sentence reports allow for unwitting discrimination. Found that reports on Asian offenders were less comprehensive and suggested they were less remorseful than white offenders.
      - Prison: in 2007, over a quarter of the male prison population were ethnic minorities. Blacks were five times more likely to be in prison than whites.