Energy and its transformation
N on-conventional electric power plant
Electricity
Energy sources
Conventional electric power plant
Industrial uses: operation of factories and construction companies, agriculture, etc.
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Domestic uses: operation of electrical appliances, heating.
Fossil fuels: systems made up of natural fuels, hot water systems, heat for cooling and for means of transport.
Transport and distribution of electrical energy
Electric power plants
Elec.tnc power plants are usually located far from the points where energy is used for reasons of safety, space needs or physical conditions and
geographical considerations.
Decreasing the voltage at the electncity substations to 3-30 kV
Increasing the voltage to 220000 V or 400000 V to prevent significant energy loss, due to the Joule effect.
Tr a nsporting it by high voltage cable~ attached to towers
D istnbution to homes, offices, industnes and public faolities Dunng this srage, the voltage is reduced to 230-400 V.
Electncal power plants use an external source of energy to pmduce
electncity To do this, they rely on a turbine-alternator system.
An alternator has a fixed part, called a stator, and a moving part,
called a rotor, connected to the turbine shaft
The turbine converts mechanical energy into the rotating movement
of a shaf
Electricity is the most widely used form of energy in industrialised where
socieues for two reasons:
I t can be easily transformed into other forms of energy, such as
light and heat
• It can be transported long distances inexpensively and with very
httle energy being lost
Hydroelectric power plants
Nuclear power plants
Fossil fuel thermal power plants
This type of plant tm.ludes a nuclear fission reactor that produr.es the
pressunsed steam needed to move the turbme rotor.
In this type of power plant, water is heated in a boiler using heat.
Generated from the combustion of a fossil fuel, usually natural gas or coal. The steam generated moves the turbine connected to the generator.
Effect that is generated as a result of two combined cycles, a cycle that uses air and gas, and a conventional thermal cycle. In the first cycle, a gas turbine that includes a compressor is used.
Ocean power plants
Biomass thermal power plants
Geothermal power plants
Solar power plants
Wind power plants and wind farms