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| Forces |
+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------+
| Turning Effects | Equilibrium of Forces | Density & Pressure|
| of Forces | | |
+-----------------+---------------------+-----------------+
| 1. Weight of an object at its center of gravity: |
| - Every object has a center where its weight can be |
| considered to act. It's called the center of gravity.|
| |
| 2. Moment of a force: |
| - Turning effect produced by a force around a point. |
| |
| 3. Couple - A pair of forces that causes rotation only. |
| |
| 4. Torque of a couple: |
| - The measure of the tendency of a force to rotate an |
| object about an axis. |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Principle of Moments: |
| - The total clockwise moment about a point is equal |
| to the total anticlockwise moment about the same |
| point when an object is in equilibrium. |
| |
| Vector Triangle for Coplanar Forces in Equilibrium: |
| - Diagrammatic representation of forces in equilibrium |
| using a vector triangle. |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Density and Pressure |
+-----------------+---------------------------+----------------+
| 1. Density: | 2. Pressure: | |
| - Mass per | - Force per unit | |
| unit volume | area | |
| |
| 3. Hydrostatic | 4. Upthrust (Archimedes' | |
| Pressure: | Principle): | |
| - Pressure | - The upward force | |
| exerted by a | exerted by a fluid | |
| fluid at rest| on an object immersed| |
| in a gravity | in it, equal to the | |
| field. | weight of the fluid | |
| Equation: | | |
| ∆p = ρg∆h | 5. Upthrust due to | |
| | Pressure: | |
| | - Upthrust due to | |
| | a difference in | |
| | hydrostatic pressure| |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
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