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scientific processes - Coggle Diagram
scientific processes
sampling techniques
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random sampling
when every person in the target population has an equal chance of being selected. an example of random sampling would be picking names out of a hat
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opportunity
uses people who are available at the time, based on convenience
systematic
when a system is used to select ppts, picking ecery nth person from all possible ppts
volunteer
where ppts pick themselves through newspaper adverts, noticeboards and online
experimental designs
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independant groupd
each ppt is selected for only one group, usually random
matched pairs
each ppt is selected for only one group, but they are matched to the other groups by relevant factors or characteristics
counterbalancing
best way of preventing order eccects - involves ensuring that each condition is equally likely to be used first and second by the ppts
hypotheses
statements about the prediction of the resuts, that can be verifued or disproved by some kind of investigation
directional
state there will be a difference in results and the specific direction the researcher expects the results to go, for example higher or less
non directional
state that a difference will be found in the results but does not state the direction of a difference or relationship