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ionian revolt 499-494BC - Coggle Diagram
ionian revolt 499-494BC
effects on greece
it postponed the Persian attack on Greece until the Greek mainland states were capable of united action
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it showed the Greeks that if they could work together, they could achieve genuine military success against the mighty Persian Empire
Darius was particularly enraged that Athens had supported the revolt and he vowed to take revenge, which he then did
brief outline
Aristagoras, tyrant of Miletus, promoted the Persian expedition to Naxos
When the expedition proved unsuccessful, Aristagoras, fearing Persian reprisals, planned to raise the Greek states of Asia Minor in revolt against Persia
Aristagoras proclaimed a constitutional government at Miletus, and the tyrants were 'toppled' from the other states one by one
During the winter Aristagoras sailed to Greece in search of support. The Spartans, realizing their limitations as a land power, refused to send troops, but the Athenians promised 20 triremes and the Eretrians 5 triremes
When these ships arrived in 498, the Ionians started operations by capturing and burning most of Sardis, the capital of the satrapy.
At this stage the Athenians withdrew their ships, and the Eretrians probably followed their example.
The Persian victory at sea was decisive. Miletus fell in 494, and the revolt was stamped out in 493.
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causes
economic
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BUT, Herodotus says that miletus was at its acme two generations before the Ionian revolt
the nearby Colophon hoard, of the latter quarter of the 6th century, shows an Ionian city producing huge quantities of fractional silver coinage, suggesting high market demand
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tyranny
Darius' intensification of forming close inter-personal relationships with Ionian aristocracy allowed them to become tyrants
generally this was no popular with the masses: the people of Mytilene chose to stone their tyrant, Coes, to death
isonomia
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whilst this is partly true, it does not explain why isonomia would have been preferred to tyranny