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urinary system, ren/o kidney, al pertaining to - Coggle Diagram

- - - - nephrons loss their ability to filter our blood
        
        the body canot repain or repplace damaged nephrons
        
        the result is renal failure which is potentially deadly
    - - Acute renal failure ARF
        
        sudden onset with uremiaif not reversed quickly it can be fatal
      - chronic renal filure CRF
        
        progressive slow loss of kidney function
        
        caused by a varietyy of other conditions including
        
        diabetes or hypertension
  - - - sometimes called uremic poisoning
  - - - late stages of chronic renal failure
        
        irreversible loss of both kidney's function
        
        dialysis or kidney transplant becomes necessary
  - - - kidney renal disease with a vast number of causes
        
        nephr/o kidney
        
        pathy diseasew
    - - inflammaition of the glomerulus of the nephrons
        
        symptoms include
        
        edema
        
        hematuria
        
        proteinuria
  - - - symptoms
        
        edema
        
        proteinuria
        
        hyperproteinemia
      - nephritis
        
        inflammation of the kidneys
  - - - usually casued by bacteria that have spread up from the bladder through a ureter to the kidney
    - - a sudden spasm like pain in the area of the kidney soften caused by a kidney stone which bloks the movement of urine
  - - - calculi plural of calculus
    - - the condition of having kidney stones
    - - nephrolith- kidney stone
        
        nephr/o kidney
        
        lith stone
      - ureterolith
        
        ureter
        
        lith stone
      - cystolith
        
        bladder stone
        
        cysto/o bladdder
    - - severe pain from a kidney stone is blocjing the passage of urine
      - spasmodic pain
        
        pain that comes and goes in waver or spasms
    - - distension of ureter tube with back up of urine due to blockage by a stone
    - - enlargment of ureter due to urine accumulating behind a stone
        
        urerter/o ureter
        
        ectasis enlargment
    - - swollen kidney due to blocked urine caused by stone
- - - - nephr/o
      - ren/o
    - - refers to the kindeys
  - - - ur/o
      - urin/o
  - - - pyel/o renal pelvis
      - lith/o stone
      - otomy - incision into
  - - - cyst/o
    - - inflammation of the bladder
  - - - transports urine from bladder to outside body
    - - urethr/o
    - - inflammation of the urethra
  - - - acute renal failure
    - - Chronic renal failure
    - - chronic kidney disease
    - - catheter
    - - cystoscopy
    - - urinary tract infection
    - - intravenous pyelogram
  - - - fatal without managment
- - - - urinal urine
        
        alysis study of the parts
  - - - urethral cathertization
        
        catheter inseret thought the urethracatheterization can also be doneto insert medication into the bladder
        
        indwelling catheter
        
        a catheter that remains inserted for a pro longed period of time
  - - - increasing urinary output gets rid of excess water
  - - - dia through
        
        lysis seperation
        
        blood is filtered throught device tht removes waste products and returns the cleaned blood into the body
    - - hemodialysis process in which waste products are filtered directly from the patients blod using a hemodialysis unot (artifical kidney
        
        hem/o blood
        
        dia through
        
        lysis
        
        seperation
  - - - a solution is polaced ito the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen where the blood is filtered across the loining
        
        wastes are discarded in a bag attached via a catheter to the body
        
        this treatment can be done during the day with normal activities or during the night hile the pateint sleeps
  - - - process in which high energy ultraconic waves are used from outside of the body to help break up a renal stone
        
        etra-corporeal outside the body
        
        lith/o stone
        
        tripsy to crush
    - - removal of a stone through a surgical incision
        
        litho stone
        
        otomy surgical incision
        
        nephrolithotomy
- - - - they aslo make, the horemone erythropoietin to increase our red blood cells
        
        they activate vitamin D
  - - - the right kidney is actually lower than the left because of the liver size
    - - the kidneys have a middle area called the medial hilum where the ureters blood vessels lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit
    - - each kidney has over one million microscopic structured that do a lot of work
        
        form urine
        
        thus they are called functional units of each kidney
        
        form urine by filtering all of our blood into a system of microscopic tubules
        
        filtrate
        
        the pre-urine liquid which is formed when blood is filtered
        
        this filtrate moves along the tubules while our body decided what is essential to save and what can be disposed of
      - the urine is clooected in each renal pelvis which is a funnel shaped area within the medial part of each kidney
        
        each renal pelvis leads into a thin tube called the ureter
    - - 10-12 inch long and narrow tubes that make urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
        
        peristalsis helps our urine to move down our ureters
        
        peristalsis wave like contractions of the smooth muscle in the walls of the ureters
        
        wave like conteactions are involontary which measn we cannot control it
        
        ureters
        
        our two ureters bring urine into our urinary bladder
        
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- - - - diagnoses and treats disorders of the kidney
  - - - diagnoses and treats urinary system disorders
        
        disorders include
        
        dysuria
        
        dys difficult
        
        ur/o urine
        
        ia condition of
        
        oliguria
        
        condition of scanty urine
        
        olig/o scanty
        
        polyuria
        
        cindition of excess urination
        
        poly-many
        
        Nocturia
        
        condition of excessive nightime urination
        
        noct- night
        
        Nocturnal diiuresis
        
        nighttime bed wetting
        
        Diureses
        
        abnormal condition output of urine
        
        Diur increase output of urine
        
        esis abnormal condition
        
        frequent urination
        
        treated by urologist urgency need to urinate
        
        unination frequency
        
        urination incontinence - unexpected loss leaking of urine
        
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  - - - diagnoses and treats female reproductive disorders
- - - - the Urethra extends from the blader to outside the body
        
        be careful not to confuse the urethra with the 2 ureters
        
        one urethra
        
        for men is it longer then female urethra
        
        the male urethra transports urnine or sperm
        
        only have a prostate gland
        
        the femlae urethra transports urine
        
        urethral meatus
        
        urethral opening
        
        internal urethral sphincter
        
        a circular muscle at the top of the urethra
        
        external urethral sphincter
        
        circular muscle at the bottom of the urethra
        
        urine
        
        consistsi of 95% water 5% solutes
        
        solutes in our urine include
        
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        urine disorderes
        
        Hematuria
        
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        urinary tract infection
        
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        pyuria puss in the urine
        
        bacteriuria
        
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        proteiria
        
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        two ureters
- - - - if not treated properly the infection can travel up into the ureters the renal pelvis, and finally the kidney
        
        we classify UTI based on their location
        
        types
        
        urethritis
        
        urethr/o urine
        
        itis
        
        cystisis
        
        inflammation of the bladder
        
        cyst/o bladder
        
        pyelitis
        
        inflammation of the pelvis pyel/o renal pelvis
        
        pyelonnephritis
        
        inflammation of both the renal pelvis ad the kidney
        
        pyel/o renal pelvis
        
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        urethra in woman is shorter so bacteria doesnt have to travel as far
        
        common e coli
        
        symptoms
        
        burning with urination
        
        frequent urination
        
        pain in the lower back
        
        cloudy or smelly uriine
        
        pain in the genital area
        
        fever chills
        
        nausea and vomitting
        
        urinary bladder disorders
        
        cystalgia
        
        pain in the bladder
        
        cyst/o bladder
        
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        cystocele
        
        herni of the bladder into the vagina
        
        cyst/o bladder
        
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        interstitial cystitis
        
        chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder
        
        interstitial spaces between the cells
        
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        vesicovaginal fistuka
        
        abnormal connection between bladder and vagina
        
        fistula
        
        abnormal passage between two organs
        
        vesic/o
        
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        urethrostenosis
        
        narrowing of the urethral tube
        
        urethr/o urethra
        
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        congenital disorders
        
        horseshoe kidney two kidneys fuse together
        
        nephroptosis
        
        abnormal conditon in which one of both kidneys drop lower than normal
        
        ptosis dropping falling
        
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        urethral meatus
        
        improper formation ofthe urethral opening
        
        epispadias
        
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        hypospadias
        
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        paraspadias
        
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