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Rocks, the rock cycle and soil - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Example: basalt
  - - - Example: granite
  - - - crystals are formed when minerals cool down
        
        Magma cools slowly. So, crystals form slowly. The crystals are large and can be seen with naked eye
        
        Inside the rock, the crystals get compressed. Ex: Granite. Granite has different crystals
        
        Lava cools quickly. So, crystals in the rock are too small. Example: basalt
- - - - 2)Erosion
        
        3) Sedimentation
        
        Water in a river transport the sediments to the bottom of the river
        
        The layers at the bottom get more and more compressed by the layers on top of them
        
        Sediments stuck together by minerals in the water to form sedimentary rocks
        
        The broken up rocks erode the sides and bottom of river valleys as sediments
      - Rocks are being broken down
        Reasons: high and low temperature, rainwater dissolve rocks, plants break up the surface of rocks with roots
  - - - When parts of animals rot away, minerals in water replace the bones of the animals. The minerals harden into a rock
      - Mould: imprint of animal
      - Cast: Mould fills with minerals that harden to a solid
  - - - sand grains stucked together, made of quartz,very hard mineral
        Colours: red, orange, yellow, red
    - - grey, fine-grained sediments,soft, layered, leaves a mark when scratched
    - - made from
        layers of shells
        Colours: white and grey
- - - - Sandstone is heated and make quartz crystals
        crystals shine, rock is harder
    - - Limestone is heated and make marble
        Extremely hard, very shiny
        Colours: white, red, blue, yellow, brown, green
    - - Shale under pressure will change into slates
        
        Burial changes the rock into a metamorphic rocks with many layers like slate
    - - Granite is heated and under pressure will change the rock into gneiss
        Very hard