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PHONETICS, FOUR ASPECTS OF PHONETICS, PHONEME, FOUR COMPONENTS OF…
PHONETICS
BRANCHES OF PHONETICS
According to the sphere of application
Special phonetics
Descriptive phonetics
General phonetics
Comparative phonetics
According to the time characteristics
Historical phonetics
Contemporary phonetics
According to the object of the study
:
Acoustic phonetics
Articulatory phonetics
Auditory phonetics
According to the field of application
Practical phonetics
Theoretical phonetics
MAIN PHONOLOGICAL SCHOOLS
Prague phonological school
London School
Leningrad (St. Petersburg) phonological
school
American School
Moscow phonological school
Copenhagen School
FOUR ASPECTS OF PHONETICS
Articulatory aspect
The vibration mechanism
The resonator mechanism
The power mechanism
The obstruction mechanism
Auditory aspect
Acoustic aspect
The functional aspect
PHONEME
Functions
Constitutive
Recognitive
Distinctive
The articulatory features
Distinctive (relevant)
Non-distinctive (irrelevant)
ALLOPHONE
Dialectal variation
Individual variation
Stylistic variation
FOUR COMPONENTS OF PHONETICS
Syllabic structure
Accentual structure
Phonemic component
Intonational structure
THE SYSTEM OF ENGLISH PHONEMES
Vowels
Articulatory classification
The length
:long and short vowels
The degree of tenseness
:tense and lax vowels
The position of the lips
:Rounded and Unrounded vowels
The character of
the end
:Checked and Free vowels
The tongue position
:horizontal and vertical movements
The stability of articulation
:Monophthongs,Diphthongs,Diphthongoids
Phonological classification
The length
The lip
position
The position of the tongue
The degree of vowel checkness
The stability of articulation
The degree of tenseness
Consonants
Articulatory classification
The place of articulation
:Labial consonants\Lingual consonants\Glottal consonant
The voice characteristic
:voiced\voiceless
The position of the soft palate
:oral consonants\nasal consonants
The manner of articulation
:Occlusive consonants\Constrictive consonants\Affricates
The degree of noise
:Noise consonants\Sonorants
Phonological classification
The place of
articulation
:labial, lingual, glottal
The voice characteristics
: strong and weak
The degree of
noise and the manner of articulation
The position of the soft palate