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Approaches - Linguistic Systems - Coggle Diagram
Approaches - Linguistic Systems
Structuralism
Ferdinand de Saussure, from “Course in General Linguistics” (1915)
Roland Barthes, “Myth Today” (1957)
Poststructuralism
Jacques Derrida, “Structure, Sign, and Play in the Discourse of the Human Sciences” (1966)
Antithesis of Saussure's ideas of how meaning is constructed
Roland Barthes, "Death of the Author" (1967)
The meaning of a text is completely separate from is author. Meaning is defined by the interpretation of those who read it. The author is simply a scriptor creating a mosaic of things already said.
Discourse and Power
Michel Foucault, from The History of Sexuality (1984)
Sexuality was not always a defining thing. in the modern age it becomes part of who a person is.
Michel Foucault, from Discipline and Punish (1975)
The shift of social discipline from functioning through public punishments to through self-regulation. The Panopticon acts as a model for how we self-regulate in the modern day.
New Media Studies
Marshal McLuhan, “The Medium is the Message” from Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man (1964)
The message already exists but it is the medium which dictates how it is received - can change it entirely eg. trains and lightbulb
Friedrich Kittler, from Gramophone, Film, Typewriter (1999)
Jean Baudrillard, "Precession of the Simulacra" from Simulations (1983)
Environment in Crisis
Dipesh Chakrabarty, “The Climate of History: Four Theses” (2009)
Anthropocene vs Capitalocene?
Andras Malm, from The Progress of This Storm