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External - Ethnicity - Coggle Diagram
External - Ethnicity
Material deprivation
Inability to afford the goods or activities that are typical in a society at a given point (for example textbooks, equipment)
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Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and African-Caribbean pupils have a higher average rate of poverty
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Analysis (AO3)
Black, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi 16-64 year olds are more likely to be unemployed than white people
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The Swann report - low socioeconomic status was a factor for low achievement for African-Caribbean students
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Language barriers
Some may argue that language can affect educational attainment, as EM will not be able to access resources
Labelling theorists argue that language does not directly affect attainment, but speaking a certain dialect can impact teacher expectations (negative labelling)
Evaluation (AO3)
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Teachers label students based on ethnicity, so have negative expectations of black and Asian students
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Family structure
Sewell (AO1)
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Young boys especially do not have a positive role model and often attracted to anti-school subcultures
Sewell founded a programme 'generating genius', where he supports young people from EM backgrounds work with RG universities working with scientists for 2 weeks
He found that these students all do well in GCSEs and then go into RG universities including Oxbridge due to positive role models and opening their aspirations
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Evaluation (AO3)
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Underachieving is not due to family type, but due to labelling
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