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CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM, image, Untitled, Untitled, Untitled, Untitled,…
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARVUM
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History
Cryptosporidia were first observed in the gastric mucosa
crypts of laboratory mice by Tyzzer in 1907.
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Distribution
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Cryptosporidium has assumed great importance as a frequent cause of intractable diarrhea, in AIDS patients and immuno compromised subjects.
Habitat
C. parvum inhabits the small intestine. It may also be found in stomach, appendix, colon, rectum and pulmonary tree.
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Pathogenecity
Immunocompromised individuals develop chronic and prolonged illness, life threatening cholera like illness.
Not only gastrointestinal infection but extra intestinal infections like cryptosporidiosis, cholecystitis, hepatitis
Immunocompetent individuals have short term, self limiting diarrhoea (weeks)
Infection of gall bladder, oocyst are passed in stool
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Clinical features
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Infection in healthy immunocompetent persons may be asymptomatic or cause a self-limiting febrile illness
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upper quadrant pain, sclerosing cholangitis, or cholecystitis.
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Laboratory Diagnosis
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Modified ZN staining (Acid fast staining), oocysts appear as red acid-fast spheres, against a blue background.
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Treatment
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Supportive therapy with fluid, electrolytes and nutritional supplements
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