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Cryptosporidum - Coggle Diagram
Cryptosporidum
Life cycle
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Ingestion of contaminated food and water- contain oocyst form.
Oocyst attaches to the tissue and slowly it is taken to the intestine layer
Gastric juices breaks the cyst wall -sporozoites released out
Sporozoites transform into a trophozoites.
Trophozoites start it's multiplication. Start to develop meront
1st formed meront - Type 1 meront
Totally 8 merozoites released from type 1 meront
8 merozoites either again it infects the epithelial layer -again form type 1 meront or it can form - type 2 meront
Type 2 meront - releases 4 merozoites - Asexual cycle
4 merozoites - result in the formation of microgamont or macrogamont.
1 microgamont releases 12 to 16 microgametes
1 macrogamont releases 1 macrogametes
1 microgamete is enough to fertilize the macrogamete
Zygote - formation of 2 oocyst - thick or thin walled oocyst
80% thick 20% thin walled oocyst
20% thin walled oocyst - auto infection
80% thick walled oocyst - release in faeces & contaminat food and water
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Morphology
Oocyst
Shape- Spherical or Oval Size 4-5 micrometer in diameter
Cyst has double layer wall - contains 4 crescent shaped naked
Anterior - pointed posterior - rounded contain prominent nucleus
Two layers - 2 electron dense layers
Present - contaminated food and water
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Pathogenesis
Immunodeficient - symptomatic intestinal & respiratory cryptosporidum
Immunocompetant- short term or self limiting
Respiratory Cryptosporidiosis, Cholecystitis, hepatitis, pancreatitis
Diagnosis
Sample - stool
Direct wet mount
Stool concentration technique
Modified acid fast staining
Immunofluroscent antibody
Sample - Sputum
Histopathological examination
Haematoxylin & eosin stain
Molecular methods - ELISA ,PCR
Treatment
Supportive treatment to prevent dehydration
Recieving immunosuppressant drugs
AIDS or congenital deficiency - continuous supportive therapy
Antimicrobial agents - spiramycin, Azithromycin
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1st reported - Tyzer in 1907- laboratory mouse
Human case was reported - 1976
Opportunistic pathogen- immunosuppressed or immunodeficient individuals
Causative agent- Cryptosporidum parvum
Habitat - Epithelial layer of intestine
