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Industrial Britain - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Gamekeepers were often employed to protect land, but this sometimes led to violence as poachers would often attack them.
      - Villagers would then provide an alibi for those accused, which again evidences attitudes towards this crime.
      - Many poachers would sell their haul on the black market as you could make significantly more money selling their catch than working as a labourer for the day.
  - - - This crime took place in the coastal areas of England where smugglers brought tea, wine, cloth and spirits into the country, avoiding the payment of tax on the goods.
      - Tax and duties were an important source of income for the government. As a result, smuggling was a crime that had a great impact on the income of the authorities.
      - Often smugglers were ruthless and would happily resort to violence to ensure goods could enter the country.
  - - - This type of crime was a huge threat to the authorities as it was a cause of disruption to trade.
      - Demobilised soldiers were returning from foreign wars and being jobless in many cases resorted to highway robbery to steal goods for resale.
      - Horses and weapons had become much cheaper to obtain and increasing numbers of businessmen were travelling around the country
  - - - Smuggling attracted all sorts of people as it was a good source of additional income and also resulted in you having access to a number of luxury items.
      - Many towns and villages turned a blind eye to smuggling as they often gained benefit from it and most did not agree with the payment of taxes and duties on goods.
      - Often smuggling gangs would be 50 - 100 strong and as a result, would drastically outnumber any customs officials sent to try and stop them.
  - - - Only landowners with land over the value of £100 were allowed to hunt on their land.
      - If your land was valued at less or you had tenant farmers then hunting was forbidden.
      - The 1723 Black Act made hunting deer, hare or rabbits a capital crime.
      - Therefore, if you were found out at night armed, disguised or with a blackened face then you would have been prosecuted for poaching.
      - This was not a new crime but it was widely tolerated.
      - This meant that it was having an impact on rich landowners who did not wish people to be accessing their land and hunting their animals.
- - - - Ideas about crime and punishment also began to change during this period.
      - Prisons became the most common punishment.
      - Punishment began to focus more on reform and less on deterrence.