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Evolution - Coggle Diagram
Evolution
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Charles Darwin
Charles Darwin was an English scientist who spent his entire adult life studying various species or organisms.
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He is best known from his work in the Galapagos Islands, where he studied the finches very closely and the different adaptations they had.
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Natural Selection
Natural selection is when organisms which the most favourable traits in a particular environment survive to breed and pass those traits on to their offspring.
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Observations
Darwin observed that living things produce a very large number of potential adults. For example, an oak tree produces vast numbers of acorns; frogs produce vast numbers of eggs in frog spawn.
One would expect that population numbers would explode, but they don't.
There are differences within members of a species. (A lot of these differences arise due to mutations.)
Conclusions
There's is a struggle for existence. Organisms are constantly in competition for food, mates and space. As a result of this competition, many of the population die.
Because of these differences, some organisms are better adapted to survive in their environment.
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The organisms that are less well adapted die off, so their genes are not passed on.
New Species
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When enough changes (mutations) take place over many generations of species, usually over a very long period of time, a new species can form.
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Variation and Diversity
Variation is the differences between members of the same species. These variations come about as a result of a mutation.
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Evolution
Evolution is the gradual changes in inherited characteristics that occur in species over many generations.
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