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Cell Structure and membrane - Coggle Diagram
Cell Structure and membrane
concentration gradient
Concentration graident is defined as a difference in concentration of molecules between two areas- such as inside or outside a cell.
When molecules are moving with the concentration gradient they are moving from a high to low concentration and does not require energy.
When molecules are moving against the concentration gradient they are moving from a low concentration to a high concentration and does require energy.
There are 3 different types of concentration solution, isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic.
A hypotonic solution is when water moves into a cell because the rate of water molecules moving into the cell is greater than water moving out of the cell and the cell swells.
A hypertonic solution is when water moves out of the cell because the rate of water molecules moving into the cell is less then water moving out of the cell
A isotonic solution is when the rate of water molecules moving into the cells is the same as water moving into cells and the cell stays the same.
Cell membrane
The cell membranes main component is the phospholipid. It has a polar positively charged head and a non polar tail.
The cell membrane is semipermeable meaning that it can allow some things in and reject others.
The membrane needs proteins to allow large or polar molecules to enter the membrane. If the molecule is very big then it would have to go through the process of endocytosis.
Endocytosis is when the membrane engulfs a molecule and brings it into the cell it self. Exocytosis is when the cell wants to get rid of a molecule and takes it out of the cell it self.
A transport protein uses energy to move cells into a molecule. A channel protein does not use energy and gets a signal from the cell to open and let a molecule through.
There are three types of cell transport simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport.
Simple diffusion does not need a protein and allows small and nonpolar molecules to slip through the cell membrane.
Facilitated diffusion is used for small polar molecules that uses a channel protein to move with the concentration gradient.
Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP. This is because it moves against the concentration gradient and uses a transport protein.
Osmosis is the movement of water across a cell membrane