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Unit 4: How Do Cells Keep Us Healthy? - Coggle Diagram
Unit 4: How Do Cells Keep Us Healthy?
Cell Membrane
Made from 2 layers of phospholipids. allows some molecules into the cell and blocks out other (semi-permeable.)
Tails
Nonpolar (neutral)
Hydrophobic
Water Hating
Head
Polar (negatively charged)
Water Loving
Hydrophilic
Solutions
Hypertonic
More solute outside the cell so water leaves the cell causing it to shrink.
Hypotonic
More solute inside the cell so more water enters the cell causing it to swell.
Isotonic
Even net amount of water and solute going in and out of the cell
Protiens
Channel
Allows the transport of specific substances across a cell membrane (opens and closed)(needs signal)
Carrier
movement of ions, small molecules, and macromolecules
Aquaporins
Only lets in water
Transport
Facilitated Diffusion
A type of passive diffusion where molecules use concentration gradients and proteins to get into and out of the cell.
Simple Diffusion
Uses concentration gradient and membrane.
Osmosis
Water going through a selectively permeable membrane from areas of a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one.
Active Transport
Uses carrier or transport proteins and energy (ATP) as the molecules are going against the concentration gradient.
Passive Transport
Any diffusion that doesn’t require energy and uses concentration gradient. 2 types: Facilitated and Simple.
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
A way to take in very very large molecules that can’t go through the membrane or protein. “Sucks” in molecules and causes them in a case of phospholipids and releases them and then attaches back.