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All Things about Plants - Coggle Diagram
All Things about Plants
ION DEFICIENCIES
Plants need many mineral ions (minerals) for healthy growth. They extract most of these mineral ions from the soil. If the soil quality is poor, plants can suffer from ion deficiency conditions (disorders)
Magnesium Deficiency
When magnesium is absent, plant leaves are yellow.
The plant cannot photosynthesise well. This means that it cannot produce the glucose needed for healthy growth.
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Nitrate Deficiency
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Without proteins, plants cannot grow. This means that a nitrate deficiency causes stunted growth.
OTHER PLANT DISEASES
Pests (Insects)
Greenflies and black flies (both called aphids) feed on the sap (a liquid in plants that stores sugars, salts and amino acids) in the phloem. This diverts sugars away from plants.
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Fungal diseases
Plants can suffer from fungal diseases, such as rose black spot.
PLANT DEFENCES
Chemical defences
Antibacterial chemicals are produced by some plants, such as mint, garlic and witch hazel
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Poisons are produced by many plants, including foxglove and deadly nightshade, to deter (put off) herbivores
Physical defences
Bark is made of dead cells that acts as a barrier of protection for the stem against pathogens and pests (like aphids).
Waxy cuticle is a barrier on the surface of leaves and stems to stop pathogens invading leaf tissue.
Cell walls, which are made of cellulose, are a physical barrier to stop pathogens entering cells.
Mechanical defences
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Leaves that close up rapidly when touched decrease the surface area available to herbivores. They may also dislodge smaller herbivores already on the plant.
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An example is a pattern on leaves that resembles the presence of insect eggs. Insects avoid laying their eggs on them in order to avoid
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