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Active transport, It differs from passive forms of transport in the…
Active transport
Summary questions
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2) The presence of many mitochondria is typical of cell that carry out active transport. Explain why this is so.
Active transport requires energy because it is moving particles from an area of low concentration to high. Mitochondria provides energy to a cell.
3) In the production of urine, glucose is initially lost from the blood but is then reabsorbed into the blood by cells in the kidneys. Explain why it is important that this reabsorption occurs by active transport rather than diffusion.
Active transport moves particles against the concentration gradient compared to diffusion which moves particles down the concentration gradient. It is important that active transport is used in the reabsorption of glucose in the kidneys because we want the glucose to move from the urine which has a low concentration of glucose to the kidneys which has a high concentration. This allows the body to have the best levels of glucose.
Active transport - the movement of molecules or ions into or out of a cell from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using ATP and carrier proteins.
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It is important to distinguish between active transport and facilitated diffusion. Both use carrier proteins but facilitated diffusion occurs down a concentration gradient, while active transport occurs against a concentration gradient. This means that facilitated diffusion does not require metabolic energy, while active transport does. The metabolic energy is provided in the form of ATP.
Sometimes more than one molecule or ion may be moved in the same direction at the same time by active transport. Occasionally, the molecule or ion may be moved into a cell/organelle at the same time as different one is being removed form it. One example of this is the sodium-potassium pump.
In the sodium-potassium pump, sodium ions are actively removed from the cell/organelle while potassium ions are actively taken in from the surroundings. This process is essential to a number of important processes in the organism, including the creation of a nerve impulse.
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