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Infant development, Cognitive development - Coggle Diagram

- - - - separation from mother from 6 months - 3 years -> disress and long term behavioural/emotional issues
- - - - dazed and contradictory in SS
- - - - attachment = gradual
      - secure base behaviour at 7+ months
      - internal working model of self, mother, and relationships
      - attachment initiates complex developmental processes. History is a recorder nothing is overwritten.
      - maternal deprivation hypothesis
- - - - in 1st and 2nd trimester -> schizophrenia, antisocial personality disorder, mood disorders (Neugebauer et al., 1999)
    - - -> premature birth
      - -> lower birth weight
      - -> 2/3x risk fo SIDS
      - -> risk fo developmental issues like speech and attention etc.
    - - -> risk of SIDS (Iyasu et al., 2002)
      - -> physical abnormalities
      - -> Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder
      - -> Spont. abortion and still birth
      - affects placenta -> placental separation
    - - -> low birth weight/prematurity
      - small amounts of positive stress good for development (DiPietro, 2006, 2010)
      - unmanageable stress -> behavioural problems up to 17yrs
- - - - Dendritic branching (5x more dendrites first 2 yrs (Diamond, 1990)
      - myelination of axons
        
        in "order" that reflects functional development (Purger et al., 2015)
        
        prefrontal cortex slow and steady
        
        cognitive development is as slow as prefrontal cortex development
        
        speeds up axonal conduction
      - synaptogenesis
    - - "Neurons that fire together..:" Donald Hebb (1949)
        
        Repetition to strengthen synapses or PRUNED BISH
        
        Richness of environment accounts for 25% diff in neural connections
- - - - Reflexes (0-1) built in schemas
      - primary circular reactions (1-4) co-ordination of basic schemas, from diff. senses
      - Secondary circular reactions (4-8) makes things happen, trial and error
      - Co-ordination of secondary schemas (8-12) intentional behavioiur
      - Tertiary circular reactions (12-18) experimentation
      - beginnings of representational thought (18-24) use of symbols to rep. objects. Deferred imitation.