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Reconstructive Memory, Reconstructive Memory Conclusion - Coggle Diagram
Reconstructive Memory
Ronald Cotton
Crime and Identification
In 1984, Jennifer Thompson was sexually assaulted in her home in North Carolina.
She identified Ronald Cotton as the perpetrator, and he was subsequently convicted based on her eyewitness testimony.
Ronald Cotton's Conviction:
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DNA Evidence Exoneration
In 1995, DNA testing was conducted on evidence from the crime scene.
The results revealed that Ronald Cotton was not the perpetrator; Bobby Poole was identified as the actual criminal.
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Conclusion
Ronald Cotton's story serves as a powerful example of how memory, particularly eyewitness memory, can be prone to error and the significant consequences that may arise from such errors in the legal system.
Loftus and Pickrell 1955
Goal
The aim of Loftus and Pickrell's, "Lost in the Mall" study, was to investigate the changeability of human memory and whether false memories could be placed through suggestion.
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Procedure
The researchers created fictional narratives about childhood events, including a false story about getting lost in a shopping mall.
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Results
The study found that people could be convinced to remember a fake event, like getting lost in a mall, demonstrating how our memories can be easily influenced and distorted by suggestion.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, Loftus and Pickrell found that they could make people believe in false memories—like getting lost in a mall—just by suggesting it. This highlights how our memories can be shaped and even distorted, raising questions about how reliable our recollections are, especially in situations like court testimony.
Loftus and Palmer
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Goal
The aim of the research was to investigate the impact of the wording of questions on eyewitness testimony regarding a filmed car accident. Here are the key details:
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Conclusion
The study concluded that the way questions are phrased can alter eyewitnesses' recollections of an event, highlighting the susceptibility of memory to suggestive language. This phenomenon is known as the "misinformation effect."
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