TRICHOMONAS
They exist only in trophozoite stage. Cystic stage is not seen.
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Trichomonas Tenax
Trichomonas Hominis
T. vaginalis was first observed by Donne (1836)
It is pear-shaped or ovoid and measures 10-30 µm in length and 5-10 µm in breath with a short undulating membrane
It is motile with a rapid jerky or twitching type movement.
It is motile with a rapid jerky or twitching type movement.
Sexual transmission
It has four anterior flagella and fifth running along the outer margin of the undulating membrane, which is
supported at its by a flexible rod, costa.
Trophozoites divide by binary fission.
Incubation period is roughly 10 days
Parasite causes petechial hemorrhage and mucosal capillary dilation (strawberry mucosa)
Microscopic examination
Wet mount
Giemsa stains
Direct fluorescent antibody
T. tenax, also known as T. buccalis, is a harmless commensal which lives in mouth,
It is smaller (5-10 µm) than T. vaginalis.
It is transmitted by kissing, through salivary droplets
which is pear- shaped, with five flagella and an undulating membrane.
Treatment
Meteronidazole. - 250mg - 7 days
Clotrimazole - 100mg - 7 days
A distinct spiral groove is seen on one side of the nucleus.
The cysts are lemon-shaped
T. hominis measures 5-14µm, pyriform-shaped, and carries five anterior flagella and an undulating membrane that extends the full length of the body.
Microscopic examination of stool will reveal motile trophozoite of T. hominis.
Transmission occurs in trophic form by fecal-oral route.
A distinct spiral groove is seen on one side of the nucleus.
The cysts are lemon-shaped
Lab Diagnosis
Pathogenesis
Two Types
Acute infection
Chronic infection.
Eg : colpitis macularis
Prunitus - Gall bladder