The nervous system

The nervous system

the network of nerve cells and fibers that transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.

What does the nervous system consist of?

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

nerve cells

Cells that carry information in the body

Receptors

In neurons, specialized protein molecules on the postsynaptic membrane; neurotransmitters bind to these molecules after passing across the synaptic cleft.

Effectors

-produces a response e.g.muscle contracts to move hand away from stimulus or gland squeezes and releases hormone into blood.

Reflex action

An immediate response to a specific stimulus without conscious control.

;.........Synapses

Tiny spaces between neurons; the gaps between neurons are referred to as synaptic gaps.

Somatic and autonomic systems

The PNS has two groups of nerve. Somatic and autonomic. The somatic nervous system controls voluntary actions, such as using a fork. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary actions, such as digesting food.

Autonomic divisions

parasympathetic and sympathetic

Sympathetic nervous system

the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations

Parasympathetic system

the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body, conserving its energy