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Lucy Herrera, Period 5
Nervous - Coggle Diagram
Lucy Herrera, Period 5
Nervous
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Classification Of Neuron
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Types
Sensory:
- from sensory to CNS
- almost all unipolar
- located in ganglia in PNS
Interneurons:
- association neurons
- between motor & sensory neurons
- thru. CNS pathways
- 99% of body's neurons are interneurons
Motor:
- from CNS to effectors
- multipolar
- most in CNS *except autonemic neurons
Automatic and Somatic Nervous System:
- both transmit impulses for movement
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Cranial Nerves
8 = VIII Vestibulocochlear
- Mostly sensory function; small motor component for adjustment of sensitivity of
receptors
6 = VI Abducens
- Primarily a motor, innervating lateral rectus muscle
4 = IV Trochlear
- Primarily motor nerve that directs eyeball
- from dorsal midbrain enter orbits via superior orbital fissures
5 = V Trigeminal
- Convey sensory impulses from various areas of face (V1 and V2)
- Supply motor fibers (V3) for mastication
9 = IX Glossopharyngeal nerves
- Motor functions: innervate part of tongue and pharynx for swallowing and provide
parasympathetic fibers to parotid salivary glands
- Sensory functions: fibers conduct taste and general sensory impulses from pharynx and posterior tongue, and impulses from carotid chemoreceptors and baroreceptors
10 = X Vagus nerves
- Most motor fibers are parasympathetic fibers that help regulate activities of heart,
lungs, and abdominal viscera
- Sensory fibers carry impulses from thoracic and abdominal viscera, baroreceptors,
chemoreceptors, and taste buds of posterior tongue and pharynx
11 = XI Accessory Nerves
- innervate trapezius and
sternocleidomastoid muscles
- sensory: no, motor: yes, ps fibers: no
3 = III Oculomotor
- function in raising eyelid, directing eyeball, constricting iris (parasympathetic), and controlling lens shape
- from ventral midbrain through superior orbital fissures
12 = XII: Hypoglossal nerves
- contribute to swallowing and speech
- sensory: no, motor: yes, ps fibers: no
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2 = II Optic
- Purely sensory (visual) function
7 = VII Facial
- Motor functions include facial expression, parasympathetic impulses to lacrimal and salivary glands
- Sensory function (taste) from anterior two-thirds of tongue
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CT Coverings:
Fascia: Surrounds the epimysium and encloses or lines other nearby structures such as blood vessels, nerves, and the body wall
Tendon: Dense fibrous CT that connects muscle to bone. It sends the mechanical forces of muscle contraction to the skeletal system
Muscle Tissues: responding to the stimulation & contracting to provide movement and occurs as the 3 major types skeletal muscle, etc..
Reticular: supports the stroma of the body organs, especially lymphoid
Diseases:
- Multiple sclerosis
- cerebrovascular accident stroke
- autism
- alzheimers
- spinal cord injury
- meningitis
Neurotransmitters:
Serotonin: Serotonin plays a key role in such body functions as mood, sleep, digestion, nausea wound healing, n=bone health, blood clotting
Acetylcholine: regulates cardiac contractions & blood pressure, intestinal peristalsis, glandular secretion
Glutamate: found throughout the CNS. It maintains memory, cognition & mood regulation
Dopamine: acts on areas of the brain to give feelings of pleasure, satisfaction, & motivation. ALso controls memory
Drugs of abuse:
- heroine
- ecstasy
- marijuana
- methamphetamine
- alcohol
- cocaine
- LSD
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