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Cell Membrane - Coggle Diagram
Cell Membrane
Osmosis
The movement of water in and out of the cell
Moves from low concentration to high concentrations
Plants and animals both use osmosis to maintain homeostasis
Hypotonic water moves in to balance out the high water concentration and low solute concentration
Hypertonic water moves out to balance out high solute concentration and low water concentration
Water moves both in and out of the cell because solute-to-water concentration is equal
Water goes in throiugh a channel protien called aquaporins because it is polar
How moelcules get through
Through some form of diffusion (simple, facilitated, active transport)
Simple diffusion occurs when the molecule can simply “slip” through the cell membrane because it is small and not charged
Facilitated diffusion occurs when the molecule can move through a protein in the membrane.
Through cell signaling
Through both ways- the cell membrane receives a signal and then lets something in the cell
Parts of Membrane
Hydrophilic tails (water-loving): polar - negative charge
Hydrophobic heads ( water-repelling): nonpolar
Cholesterol prevents the phospholipid tails from getting tangled
Types of protiens
Carrier protein
Channel protein
Glycoprotein
Functions and Charactersitics
Act as a barrier and selectively let things in and out - helps achieve homeostasis
Use specific transport proteins to let in the molecules they need (such as glucose) or allow the small uncharged molecules through (such as Oxygen) - helps transform energy
The cell membrane is flexible and can grow/shrink simply by adding or removing phospholipids (fluid mosaic model)- which helps the cell grow and divide
Display, recognize, and transmit specific signals to the inside of the cell using specialized cell membrane proteins- helps sense and respond to the environment
Cell Transport
Cells move into and out of the cell depending on size and polarity
Small, nonpolar molecules like C02 and 02 can easily squeeze past the phospholipid bilayer, big polar molecules cannot squeeze past so they require a protein to transport it
The concentration gradient is the difference in molecules outside of the cell versus inside of the cell.
Passive transport moves from high to low-concentration
Doesn’t require energy
Active transport where it moves from low to high concentration
Requires energy and against the concentration gradient