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Human Development, image - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Conventional Stage: Conforming to avoid being disliked
      - Postconventional Stage: Begin forming personal morals
      - Preconventional stage: Obeying rules to avoid punishment and get rewards
- - - - Formal operational thought: abstract concepts
        
        Ability to predict the result of hypothetical problems and understanding of abstract thoughts
      - Concrete operational: operational thought
        
        Kids thinking starts to become more reversible. flexible, and complex. They also begin to use logic in their thoughts
      - Preoperational stage: symbolic thought
      - Sensorimotor stage: object permanence
        
        Knowing that an object is present whether it's in view or now
    - - Moral Realism: Sense of morality comes from rules and laws which have to be followed
        
        Breaking laws leads to immediate punishment, and the punishment should fit the crime
- - - - Phallic: masturbation
      - Latent: little to no sexual motivation
      - Anal: withholding/expelling feces
      - Genital: sexual intercourse
      - Oral: sucking, swallowing, etc
    - - Many individuals who were stuck in the oral stage now seek oral stimulation through things like smoking, eating, and drinking
  - - - Industry vs. Inferiority
        
        Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority
      - Identity vs. Role Confusion
        
        Those who remain unsure of their beliefs and desires will feel insecure and confused about themselves and the future
      - Initiative vs. Guilt
        
        Kids who fail at asserting power may be left with self doubt and guilt
      - Intimacy vs. Isolation
        
        Those who develop good, healthy relationships will continue to form relationships that are enduring and secure
      - Generativity vs. Stagnation
        
        Those who feel like they failed at their job or didn't do as well as they could feel unproductive and uninvolved in the world
      - Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
        
        Children who struggle and who are shamed may be left without a sense of personal control
      - Trust vs. Mistrust
        
        If a caregiver fails to provide adequate care and love, the child will feel that they cannot trust any adult
      - Ego integrity vs. despair
        
        Those who look back and only feel regret will instead feel fearful that their lives will end without accomplishing the things they feel they should hav
- - - - The theory of evolution
        
        Natural selection: organisms that are well adapted to their environments are more likely to survive, and all organisms constantly have to adapt to changes in their environment
- - - - Mesosystem
        
        family, environment, and school experiences
      - Exosystem
        
        local governments, parent's friends, mass media, extended family
      - Microsystem
        
        work, school, friends, family, etc.
      - Macrosystem
        
        Social norms, economic system, political systems, culture
      - Chronosystem
        
        timeline