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Dana De Guzman, pd2. Nervous system - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Information travels from receptors to sensory neurons, which transport information to the CNS
    - - Coordination of sensory information in the CNS
        
        Processing of this information is the basis for decision-making
      - Motor functions:
        
        Nerve impules (CNS)are conducted along motor neurons to effectors
        
        Effectors are muscles or glands that respond to decisions mad in the CNS
- - - - Effector: responds to stimulation by motor neuron and produces reflex or behavioral action
- - - - Cell body, dendrites, axon
        
        Myelin sheath: makes the messsage go faster.
        
        Nodes of ranvier: narrow gaps in the myelin sheath
- - - - *unipolar neurons: only have 1 processes extending from the cell body. Splits into 2 parts that has 1 axon.
- - - - endoneurium: covering around individual nerve fibers (axon)
- - - - Pia mater: inner most layer of the meninges
  - - - Cerebellum: coordinates muscular activity
        
        Brainstem: coordinates muscular activities, and connects different parts of the nervous system
- - - - Lumbar enlargment: thickened region near the bottom of the spinal cord. Gives rise to nerves that serve the lower liimbs
        
        Cuada equina (horse's tail): structure formed where spinal cord tapers to point inferiorly. Consists of spinal nerves in the lumbar and sacral areas
- - - - Hyperpolarization: occurs at the end of repolarization
- - - - Optic nerve: Ability to see
        
        Oculomotor nerve: ability to move and blink your eyes
        
        *Trochlear nerve: ability to move your eyes up and down and back and forth
        
        Trigeminal nerve: sensations in your face and cheeks, taste and jaw movment
        
        Abducens nerve: ability to move your eyes
        
        facial nerve: facial expressions and sense of taste
        
        1 more item...
- - - - 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 1 coccygeal nerve
- - - - Ependymal cells: produce cerebrospinal fluid in CNS
        
        Astrocytes: lie between blood vessels and neurons. Forms blood barrier
- - - - interneuron: in the CNS (reflex center)
        
        Motor neuron: carries command to effectors
        
        Effector: muscle or gland that carries out a reflec) that responds to the initial change
- - - - Alzheimer's disease: a form of dementia associated with age
        
        Spinal cord Injury: damage to spinal cord
        
        Meningitis: infection in the meningitis surrounding the brain
        
        Multiple sclerosis: autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheath
        
        Vision, hearing loss, muscle weakness, incontinence, frequent urination
        
        nausea, vomitting, fever and chills, stiff neck
        
        weakness, loss of feeling below, spastic muscles
        
        memory loss, unfounded suspicions, mood and behavior changes
      - delay in learning, repeated behavior, anxiety
- - - - cocaine: dopamine
        
        cocaine stops dopamine molecules in synaptic cleft and allows them to bind to receptors.
        
        fidgety, unable to stay still
        
        LSD: serotonin
        
        is similar to serotinin complex in sensory effects
        
        wakefullness and evoking startle response to unexpected stimulus
        
        Heroine: inhibitory neurotransmitter
        
        Heroin mimics natural opiates and binds to opiate receptors which turns off dopamine receptors. Dopamine floods the synapse and produces feelings of sedation
        
        reduces people's feelings of pain, stress, and emotional attachments. opiates are natural painkillers
        
        Ecstasy: serotonin
        
        seratonin transporters makes them temporarily confused, releasing seratonin and overstimulates the cell
        
        Marijuanna: inhibition, dopamine
        
        THC blocks the cannabinoid receptor allowing dopamine to be released
      - the double sedative prevents glutamate from exciting the cell
        
        affects memory, decision making, and impulse control
    - - intense pleaseure and exiliration