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impact of the Northern Ireland conflict on loyalists, republicans and…
impact of the Northern Ireland conflict on loyalists, republicans and mainland britain
loyalists
social impact-
loyalists living in areas controlled by paramilitary republican groups such as the provisional Irish Republican army would have been faced with intimidation techniques and violence from IRA soldiers.
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as sensorship of loyalist material was big in IRA controlled areas, and social ties between the two groups, individuals were identified by their political agenda and what they were told about by the IRA, affecting community cohesion.
atmosphere of fear and tension had impacts on loyalist children living in Northern Ireland, as this would of affected their abilities to focus and study in school.
loyalist paramilitary groups such as the UDA and UVF emerged as a result of increased threats and fear from groups such as the PIRA.
economic impact–
less stables regions and towns such as Belfast and derry has very high unemployment rates, as they were high risk areas which people didnt want to work at.
there were fewer opportunities to increase ecumenic growth and development due to the constant costs of repairing damages to roads, buildings and bridges caused by republican paramilitary groups.
areas commonly involved in bombings and shootings as a result, had property values decline, making it harder for people living in those areas to move house and go elsewhere.
psychological impact
communities living in areas of Northern Ireland such as Belfast and London derry would most likely had experience a death of a family member or friend as a result of the conflict, and as a result of that, would experience lots of stress and anxiety.
those who had experienced events such as bombings and shootings might of contracted symptoms of PTSD as a result. loyalist communities were often at the centre of paramilitary violence, and were exposed to constant threats and traumatic events which could of caused PTSD
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republicans
social impact
the way in which the IRA operated to fight to Irish indipendance and reunification caused many republican communities to have split opinions, and some thought they were too violent, and that bombing places such as Belfast and killing civilians wasn't the best idea.
many communities criticised the acts of the PIRA, as they belived that killing civilians and bombing public places undermined what they actually were fighting for which was Irish independence and that they weren't making enough political progress to make these events worth it.
republican communities got tired of the lack of progress that the IRA were making, and eventually started growing support for a ceasefire which would lead to the starting peace talks that created the foundation of the Good Friday agreement.
economic impact
the estimated economic loss from the troubles period 1969-1998 is in the region of £14 billion when accounting for personal injuries, material damage and law and order costs.
https://www.economicsobservatory.com/what-is-the-economic-legacy-of-northern-irelands-troubles
catholic unemployment rates according to the annual labour force survey from the years 1990 to 1998 had an unemployment differential between catholics and protestant at 2.2-1, giving clear evidence that republicsan communities were more unemployed than loyalists
psychological impact
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things such as going to school and other day to day tasks or routines were regularly destructed by constant checkpoints and security outposts which played a toll on peoples mental health.
mainland Britain
social impact
security concerns and fear was pronoun during the troubles period towards the British public, as during the 1980s, the IRA decided to plan out various bombings on mainland Britain, most notably, the Brighton hotel bombing, which was an assassination attempt on Margaret thatcher, which ended up killing 5 people and injuring 31. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brighton_hotel_bombing
due to the bombings on mainland britain, this changed public perception towards Irish people, and pathed the way to lots of stereotypes that are still used today, and tarnished all Irish communities.
political impact
the prevention of terrorism act 1974 was introduced in response to increased pressure from the IRA on mainland Britain, and allowed any police officer to have emergency powers if they suspected terrorism.
economic impact
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in 1993, the uk spent £405.6 million on their military presence in northern Ireland, which accounted for 1.7% of their total uk defense budget.
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