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Nervous System Adan Tepalt .2 - Coggle Diagram
Nervous System Adan Tepalt .2
Major Divisions
Central Nervous System
Brain
Spinal Cord
Integration of information and decision-making
Peripheral Nervous System
Cranial and spinal nerves
Connect CNS to rest of body
Sensory
Detect internal and externa changes
Info travels from receptors to sensory nerurons
Motor
Somatic
Controls voluntary skeletal muscles
Autonomic
Controls involuntary effectors
Tissues
Nuerons
Cells that communicate via electrical impulses with other cells and tissue
Neuroglia
cells that nourish, protect, and insulate neurons
CNS: Microglia works as phagocyte for bacterial cells
Astrocytes : Blood-brain barrier
Reflex Arc
Receptor: recieves stimulation; sensory receptors send signal forward
Interneuron: after forst signal, it moves it on to motor neuron
Effectors: Respond to stimulation or signal
Autonomic Nervous System
Sympathetic
Fight or flight; Only active when under stress or worried
Parasympathetic
Active during resting state
Neurotransmitters
Carry signals from nerve cell to target
Acetylcholine
Involved in thought learning and memory
Dopamine
Feeling of pleasure; associated with addiction
Glutamate
Learnign and memory; regulates development and creation of nerve contacts
Serotonin
Well being and your happiness
Drugs of Abuse
Heroine
Mimics natural opiates
Binds to opiate receptors, turning off dopamine inhibition; DOpamine is released in synapse
Gives immediate sedation
Ecstacy
Mimics serotonin
Taken by transporters and takes serotonin out of cell; Over stimulate cell
Affects mood, sleep cycle, perception, and appetite
Marijuana
Mimics anadamine which binds to cannoid receptors causing dopamine to spill out
Slows down movement and gives sense of relief and relaxation
Metamphetamphine
Mimics dopamoine
Taken into cell by dopamine recepters
Forces its way into vessicles
Addictive; gives extreme pleasure and exhileration
Alcohol
Interferes with GABA receptors
GABA receptors makes more inhibitory
DOesnt allow exciting of cell
Affects memory formation and alters decision making and impulse control part of brain
Cocaine
Blocks transporters
Overstimulates cell by having dopamine bind over and over again
Active in part of brain that controls voluntary movement; Fidgety
LSD
Acts only on serotonin receptors
LSD binds to receptors and affects in different ways
Gives consumer a startle response for everything
Major functions and parts of brain.
Frontal
Problem solving, emotional traits, reasoning, speaking, voluntary motor activty
Parietal
Knowing right from wrong; sensation; reading; body orientation
Occipital
Vision, color perception,
Temporal
Understanding language; behavior; memory; hearing
Cerebellum
Balance, coordination, and control of voluntary movement, fine muscle movement
Brain Stem
breathing; bodyt temp; digestion; alertness/sleep; swallowing
Major Parts and Function of Spinal Cord
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Functions
Maintains Balance and keeps us upright
Spinal Cord
Cervical:
8 ribs
C1-C6:Neck flexors
C1-T1- Neck extensions
C3-C5: Supply diaphragm
C5-C6: Move shoulder, raise arm, flex elbow
C7-C8: Flex wrist, supply small muscles of hand
Thoracic
12 ribs
T1-T6: Interocastals and trunk above the waist
T7-L1: Abdominal muscles
Lumbar Sacral
Each have 5 ribs
L1-L4: Flex hip joint
L2-L4: Adduct thigh, extend leg at knee
L4, L5, S1: Abduct thigh, flex leg at knee
L5,S1,S2: Extend leg at hip, flex foot and toes
Classification of Neurons
Interneuron
Motor neuron
Sensory neuron
Bipolar
Psuedounipolar
Action Potential and Nerve Impulse
Electrical charge that travels along membrane of neuron
At certain charge, action potential is initiated
Action potential either happens or it doesnt
Major Functions of Nervous System
Controlling, regulating and communicating thrioughout the body with the usage of different systems
Cranial nerves
Olfactory
Optic
Oculomotor
Trochlear
Trigeminal
Abducens
Fqacial
vestibulocochlear
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
SPinal accesory
Hypoglossal