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Concept Map: 06 Nervous Samantha Chavez Per.3 - Coggle Diagram
Concept Map: 06 Nervous
Samantha Chavez
Per.3
Disorders/Diseases
Autism - Brian disorder that makes it difficult to communicate
Cerebrovascular Accident ( stroke ) - occurs when blood flow to portion of the brain is halted
Alzheimer's Disease - A form of dementia associated with age
Spinal Cord Injury - Damage to the spinal cord
Meningitis - Infection in the meninges surrounding the brain
Multiple Sclerosis - Autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sneath
Drugs of abuse (Mouse Party)
Ecstasy - This drug interferes with serotonin neurotransmitters
Heroine - Some of the neurotransmitters that this drug interferes with are inhibitory, dopamine neurotransmitters
Marijuana - this drug interferes with inhibitory neurotransmitter and dopamine neurotransmitter
Methamphetamine - is a powerful, highly addictive stimulant that affects the central nervous system
Alcohol - this drug interferes with GABA inhibitory neurotransmitter glutamate neurotransmitter
Cocaine - this drug interferes with dopamine neurotransmitter
LDS - this drug interferes with dopamine neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that allow neurons to communicate with each other throughout the body
Compare & contrast the autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system controls the internal organs and glands of the body, whereas the somatic nervous system controls the voluntary muscles of the body. The somatic nervous system has both sensory and motor pathways, whereas the autonomic nervous system has only motor pathways
Reflex arc (major parts & functions)
A sensory receptor that detects changes
A sensory neuron that carries the information from a receptor toward the CNS
An interneuron in the CNS ( reflex center )
An effector ( muscle or gland that carries out the reflex ) that responds to the initial change
Spinal nerves
Spinal nerves are mixed nerves that interact directly with the spinal cord to modulate motor and sensory information from the body's periphery. Each nerve forms from nerve fibers, known as fila radicularia, extending from the posterior (dorsal) and anterior (ventral) roots of the spinal cord.
Cranial nerves
The cranial nerves are a set of 12 paired nerves in the back of your brain. Cranial nerves send electrical signals between your brain, face, neck and torso. Your cranial nerves help you taste, smell, hear and feel sensations.
Action potential & the Nerve Impulse
An action potential, also called a nerve impulse, is an electrical charge that travels along the membrane of a neuron. It can be generated when a neuron's membrane potential is changed by chemical signals from a nearby cell
Major parts and functions of the spinal cord
Spinal cord - begins at the base of the brain
Cervical enlargement - provide nerves to upper limbs
Lumbar enlargement - gives rise to nerves that serve the lower limbs
Cauda equina - ( horse's tail ) consists of spinal nerves in lumbar & sacral areas
Major parts and functions of the brain
Cerebrum - cerebrum interprets sights, sounds and touches. It also regulates emotions, reasoning and learning
Cerebellum - cerebellum maintains your balance, posture, coordination and fine motor skills
Brainstem - brainstem regulates many automatic body functions
Connective Tissue Coverings
Endoneurium - covering around individual never fibers ( axons )
Perineurium - covering around fascicles ( bundles ) of nerve fibers
Epineurium - outer covering of a nerve
Classification of neurons
Based on their roles, the neurons found in the human nervous system can be divided into three classes: sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons
Major functions of the nervous system
Neurons - cells that communicate via electrical impulses, with other neurons or other tissues
Neuroglia - cells that support, nourish, protect, and insulate neurons
Neurotransmitters - are the chemical messengers in a synapse, that convey an electrical impulse from a neuron to another cell
Major divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system
The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body
Tissues (structure & function of neurons and neuroglia)
Neurons are responsible for communication through electrical signals.
Glial cells are supporting cells, allowing neuron function
Though neuron shape varies, neurons are polarized cells, based on the flow of electrical signals along their membrane
