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Marisa Alberto Period: 3 Nervous System - Coggle Diagram
Marisa Alberto Period: 3 Nervous System
Major parts and functions of the spinal cord
consists of 31 segments
transmit impulses to and from the brain, and to house spinal
reflexes
begins at the base of the brain
spinal nerves
each dorsal root contains a dorsal root ganglion
all except the first pair are mixed nerves
31 pairs of spinal nerves arise from spinal cord
tissues
Neuroglia:are cells that support neurons. Fill spaces, structurally support, protect, and insulate neurons
Neurons: damaged PNS neurons are able to regenerate their axon.contains a cell body, tubular cytoplasm-filled dendrites, and a tubular, cytoplasm-filled axon
drugs of abuse
ecstasy: responsible for mood, sleep, perception and appetite
Marijuana: responsble for slowing down movement, and making us feel relaxed and calm
heroine: transmission of pain signals, stress, ad emotional attachment
Major parts and functions of the brain
arachnoid mater:The middle layer of meninges between the arachnoid and pia mater is the subarachnoid space
pia mater: the innermost layer
dura mater:outermost layer of meninges. Made up of tough, dense connective tissue, and is very thick
reflex arc
motor or efferent neuron
sensory of afferent neuron
functions
Receptor: sensory specific type of internal or
external change
Sensory neuron:carries information from receptor into brain or spinal cord
Interneuron:carries information from sensory neuron to motor neuron
Motor neuron:carries instructions from brain or spinal cord out to effector
Neurotransmitters
Autonomic
norepinephrine: most sympathetic postganglionic
acetylcholine: parasympathetic postganglionic fibers are cholinergic fibers
connective tissue coverings
fascicle
nerve
epineurium
blood vessels
axon
myelin
major functions of the nervous system
sensory input, integration and processing, and motor output
thinking, movement, internal processes of physiology
disorders/dieases
spinal cord injury:damage to spinal cord
meningitis: infection in meningitis surrounding the brain
multiple sclerosis:autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheath
autism: brain disorder that makes it difficult to communicate
alzheimer disease:a form of damage associated with age
cerebrovascular accident: occur when blood flow to a portion of the brain is halted
cranial nerves
twelve pairs of cranial nerves arise from the underside of the brain
containing sensory & motor nerve fibers
first pair arises from the cerebrum
Compare & contrast the autonomic nervous system:
PNS that functions constantly and independently,
without conscious effort
controls heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate, body
temperature
regulated by reflexes that have sensory
receptors in the viscera and skin
action potential & the nerve impulse
euron remains at rest until stimulated
rigger zone causes an electrical current to
flow to adjacent regions of the axon’s membrane
Action potential either occurs or does not
A series of action potentials occurs along the axon
Major divisions and subdivisions of the nervous system
Peripheral nervous system:made up of cranial and spinal nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body
Central nervous system:made up of the brain and spinal cord