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mixtures - Coggle Diagram
mixtures
solid & liquid (e.g. sand & water)
decanting
filtration
(≥2) liquids / substances??
immiscible
separating funnel (oil & water, alcohol (ethanol) & water)
solvent extraction (salt & oil)
add distilled water w the oil in separating funnel, shake funnel so salt will migrate to water, (leave funnel) allow layers to separate, evaporate aqueous layer (containing salt), filter crystal
miscible
separate and isolate
fractional distillation
just identify
paper chromatography (sugars, amino acids, nucleotide bases
(covalent substances dissolved in the same solvent)
solution w solid (NaCl(aq), seawater)
want solute (solid) from soln
evaporate solvent
(re)crystallisation
want solvent (liquid) from soln
simple distillation
solid & solid (e.g. sand & salt)
sublimation (only if one solid is sublime - goes directly from solid to gas)
metal & nonmetal
electromagnet
more than one salt dissolved (Nacl & MgCl2)
precipitation (get Cl- ions)
add AgNO3 (aq), forms precipitate AgCl, then filtrate to get Cl