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Diagnostic Clinical Microbiology - Coggle Diagram
Diagnostic Clinical Microbiology
Role of Labratory
Clinical Microbiology
General Bacteriology
Routine culture and susceptibilites
Blood culture
CSF
Respiratory
Enterics
Surveillance of CPE/VRE/MRSA/CRAB
Wound swwaps
FLuids
Urines
Identification and susceptibilty testing
Pharmaceutical and Environmental samles
Molecular assays
Mycology
Culture
ASFT
Biomarkers
Parasitology
Routine ova and parasites
Microscopic and Molecular
Virology
Molecular Respiratory
Influenza nd COVID testing
Molecular detection of HBV, HCV,CMV,ADV,EBV
Molecular detection of CT/NG
Serology
Detectino of antibodies / antigens in blood
Aspects of Infection
Pathogen detection
Growth / no growth
PResence of RNA /DNA
Indicator if infx
Ab/Ag detection
Antimicrobial susceptibilty (AST)
Infx Prevention and Control
Surveillance
Specimen Journery
Pre-Analytical
Quality of specimen
Correct specimen
Correct media
Correct pt
Correct time
Aseptic precautions
Endogenous
Exogenous
Clinical details related to condition
Blood Culture - Management of Sepsis
1st hour
BLC before antibiotics
Volume of blood NB
BV for finding organisms
More blood more chance of isolating pathgen
Pathogen Detection
Primary bacterial Culture
Antibody / Antigen Detection : Serology
Molecular Detection: Real time PCR
Methods
Direct Exam
Macroscopic
Microscopic
Gram stain
Microscopy
Staining
Wet prep
Yeast
Trichonomas
Ziehl Neelsen
Stains thick waxy layer
Acid fast bacteria
Mycobacteria
Crytosporidium
Nocardia
Auramine Stain
Fluorescent
Acid fast
Mycobacteria
Gram Stain
Gram Positive
Thick cell wall
Lipotechnoic acid
Gram Negative
Outermembrane with endotoxin and porin
Periplasmic space (β lactamase location)
BAD gram staining
T
hese
L
ittle
M
icrobes
M
ay
U
nfortunately
L
ack
R
eal
C
olour
B
ut
A
re
E
verywhere
T
repenoma
L
eptospira
M
ycobacteria
M
ycoplasma
U
reaplasma
L
egionella
R
ickettsia
C
hlamydia
B
artonella
A
naplasma
E
hrlichia
Silver Stain
Fungi
Pneumocystis jirovecii
Legionella
H. pylori
Culture
Blood agar
General growth
Liquid
Enriched
Enteric Media
Selective
Chrome Agar
Differential
Specialised
AST
Antimicrobial Susceptibility testing using Muller Hinton Agar
Mycobacateriology
LJ media
Anaerobic
Neomycin BA
NAT agar
Bacterial ID
Manual Approach
Gram reactinon
Odour
Physical characteristics
Plate morphology
Biochemical reactions
Vitek Mass Spec Prime
Common Pathogens
Meningitis: CSF
N. meningitidis
Strep pneumoniae
E. coli
Strep algalactiae (GBS)
Listeria monocytogenes
Blood Cultures
E. coli
Staph aureus
Strep algalactiae (GBS)
N. meningitidis
Strep penumoniae
Urine
Uncomplicated
E. coli
Proteus
Enterococci
Staph saprophyticus
Complicated / Cather
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Staph aureus
Respiratory
BActeria
Community
Strep pneumonaie
H. infuenzae
Morexella catarrhalis
Staph aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Bordatella perussis
Atypical Pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Legionella pneumophila
Viral
FLu A/B
SARS CoV 2
RSV
Metapneumo virus
Parainfluenza
Adenovirus
Throat Swaps
Stre pyogenes (GAS)
Corynebacterium diptherium
Cornebacterium ulcerans
Fusobacterium necrophorum (Lemiere's disease)
Genital Samples
N. gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Gardenella vaginalis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Candida albicans
Strep agalactiae (GBS)
WoundSwap
Staph aureus
Strep pyogenes (GAS)
GNB's
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pasturella multicoidea - dog bite
Enteric Sample
Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter
Closteroides difficile
Aeromonas
Vibrio cholera
E. coli 0157
Antimicrobial Resistance
One of the biggest threats to global health, food security, and development today
Urgent :red_circle:
CRAB
Candida auris
C dif
CRE - Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae
Drug resistant N gonorrhoeae
Serious :large_orange_diamond:
VRE
ESBL
MRSA
MDRTB
Concerning :yellow_heart:
Ery REs Strep pyogenes
Clincamycin group b strep
Watch list :green_heart:
Azole resistance Asp
Drug resistant M genitalium
Drug resistant B pertussis
Antimicrobial susecptibility
Methods
MIC
S - Susceptible - Standard dosing regimen
I - Susceptible - Increased Exposure
R - Resistant
Automation : Vitek
Disc Diffusion
CPE/CPO
Carbapenemase Producing Enterobacteriaceae/Carbapenemase Producing Organism
Very resistant to antibiotics
E coli
Klebsiella
Enterobacter
Enzymes
class A carbapenemases
class B metallo-β-lactamases (MBL)
class D β-lactamases (OXA)
CRAB
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
