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Reducing Phosphorus Runoff and Leaching from Poultry Litter with Alum:…

- - - - high amounts of phosphorus
        
        lots of runoff
        
        water pollution
        
        Eutrophication
        
        algal blooms :red_cross:
        
        ecosystem disruption
        
        threat to aquatic life
        
        loss of biodiversity
        
        dead zones coastal areas
      - investigate alum treated litter
        
        reducing phosphorus runoff
  - - - contamination of groundwater
        
        affects drinking water
        
        waterborne diseases
        
        impacting human health
        
        nutrient imbalances
        
        impacting aquatic habitats
        
        impacting ecosystems
        
        investigate alum
        
        mitigating downward phosphorus flux
        
        protect groundwater quality :smiley:
  - - - higher phosphorus concentrations
        
        surface soils
        
        low phosphorus absorption capacity
        
        increased runoff
        
        increased water pollution
        
        investigate alum treated litter
        
        enhancing absorption capacity
        
        surface soil
        
        1 more item...
- - - - phosphorus contamination
        
        degraded global water quality
        
        threatens human communities
        
        dependent clean water sources
        
        unsustainable development
        
        diseases
        
        global safe drinking water
        
        decreases
        
        alarms UN
        
        addressing phosphorus runoff
        
        1 more item...
        
        ecosystems
        
        threatens aquatic life
        
        threatens biodiversity
        
        threatens food supply :warning:
        
        alum the solution?
        
        need investigation
  - - - increase in food insecurity
        
        need for sustainable agriculture
        
        does not compromise environment
    - - crop production - environmental stewardship
        
        emphasize long term
        
        soil and ecosystem health
    - - effects soil and water
        
        quality decreases
        
        evaluate alum treated litter
        
        for sustainable global agriculture :check:
  - - - global soil degradation
        
        affects agricultural productivity
        
        sustainable soil management
        
        addresses food security
        
        addresses environmental sustainability
        
        alum treated litter
        
        enhance phosphorus absorption
        
        1 more item...
- - - - phosphorus runoff
        
        affects on soil fertility
        
        insights to land development
        
        strategies for mitigating runoff
  - - - vital for plant growth
      - poultry litter impacts
        
        nutrient dynamics
- - - - enhances phosphorus absorption capacity
        
        reduces risk of runoff :champagne:
        
        prevents movement to bodies of water
        
        sustainable phosphorus managment
        
        alum addition = practice solution
    - - paired watershed study results
        
        decreases water extractable phosphorus
        
        alum improves absorption
        
        water quality protection
        
        lowers concentration of phosphorous
        
        improves water quality
        
        Alum vs not treated
    - - addition of alum
        
        reduces phosphorous leaching
        
        keeps groundwater clean
        
        safeguard water resources
        
        sustainable for future populations
    - - small plot study shows
        
        adding alum
        
        reduces phosphorous losses
        
        lowers cumulative total phosphorous
        
        meaning long term reductions :checkered_flag:
        
        minimizes phosphorous pollution
        
        1 more item...
        
        from surface runoff
        
        from vertical movement
- - - - varying treatments
        
        assess phosphorus levels
        
        20 year period
        
        understand long term impact
        
        soil and phosphorus dynamics :star:
  - - - alum treated vs untreated
        
        evaluate cumulative phosphorus runoff
        
        impact of land management
        
        insights to water quality
- - - - need alternative for alum
        
        more cost efficient
        
        works just as well
        
        same environmental benefits
  - - - mud = byproduct alum manufacturing
        
        promising mixture
        
        alum mud, sulfuric acid, bauxite
        
        potential substitute
        
        lower cost
        
        research on effectiveness
  - - - research needed :pencil2:
        
        alum and different soil
        
        alum and different climates
        
        importance for ensuring effectiveness