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research methods - Coggle Diagram
research methods
observations
covert
researcher doesnt tell ppts that thet are being observed until after the study is complete - there could be ethical problems of deception and consent issues
overt
a researcher tells the ppts that they are being observed and what they are being obseved for. could cause demand characteristics
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experimental method
natural experiment
when a naturally occuring iv is investigated that isnt deliberately manipulated, it exists anyway. ppts are not randomly allocated and the natural event may only occur rarely
labatory
conducted in a well controlled environment, therefore accurate and objective, however low ecological validity
researcher decides where the experiment will take place, at what time, with which ppts, in what circumstances, using a standardised procedure
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field experiment`
conducted in the everday environment of the ppts. experimenter will still manipulate the IV, but it may be hard to control extraneous variables
correlational studies
means association, the measure of the extent to which two variables are related
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a correlation between variables, does not automatically mean that the change in one variable causes the change in another
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case studies
in depth investigations of a person, group, event, or community. it used info from a range of sources, such as from the person concerned and also from their family and friends
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pilot studies and aims
small scale preliminary study conducted in order to evaluate the feasibility of the key steps in a future, full scale project
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self report techniques
questionnares
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open questions
designed to encourage a full, meaningful answer - provide insights into feelings, opinions and understanding - how do you feel about that situation
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