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Sarcoidosis - Coggle Diagram
Sarcoidosis
Multi-system Alterations
cardiac
electrical conduction issues
arrhythmias (ventricular more common)
complete heart block
myocardium granulomatous infiltrates
heart failure
cardiomyopathy
neuro (CNS & PNS)
brain lesions
cranial nerves
Bell's palsy
vision impairment
inflammation of meninges
PNS
peripheral neuropathy
polyradiculopathy
polyneuropathy
pituitary gland infiltrates
DI
galactorrhea
amenorrhea
pulmonary
bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy
pulmonary infiltrates
ILD
damage and scarring to vessels
pulmonary HTN
visceral pleural fibrosis and granulomas
pleural effusions
airway granulomas
narrowing of airway
liver
portal HTN
hepatomegaly
cirrhosis
eyes
inflammation of eye structures
uveitis
lacrimal gland keratoconjunctivitis sick
conjunctivitis
glaucoma
cataracts
spleen
pancytopenia
splenomegaly
musculoskeletal
sarcoid arthritis
bone lesions
mainly hands and feet
kidneys
renal stones
nephrocalcinosis
renal failure
Manifestations
general
fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, weight loss, pain & swelling in joints, night sweats
skin
nose, cheek, ear lesions, nodules around scars, rash on shins or ankles
eyes
blurred vision, eye pain, burning, itchy, dry eyes, sensitivity to light
cardiac
CP, SOB, syncope, arrhythmias, palpitations, edema
neuro
fever, HA, neck rigidity
pulmonary
cough, SOB, wheezing, CP
dependent on organ/tissue affected
Treatment
no cure
treatment based on symptoms, severity and extent of disease
TNF-alpha inhibitors
used when not tolerating steroids or immunosuppressant
immunosuppressants
used in conjunction with or instead of steroids
corticosteroids
organ transplant
AICD with cardiac involvement
granulomas may go away on their own
no treatment if no symptoms
Altered Physiology
unknown cause
genetic predisposition
thought to be exaggerated cell-mediated immune response
triggered by bacteria, viruses or chemicals
accumulation of T cells & macrophages &
release of cytokines & chemokines
form non-caseating, non-necrotizing granulomas
causes inflammation to organs & tissue
most commonly lungs & lymph nodes
also skin, eyes, heart, CNS & PNS, liver, spleen, skeletal, bone marrow, kidneys