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2.1 Classification by origin - Coggle Diagram
2.1 Classification by origin
Synthetic organic polymers
consist of a restricted number of chemically different organic monomer residues:
one in homopolymers, two in copolymers and three in terpolymers.
do not necessarily have the same length, i.e. the polymers are polydisperse.
most important class of macromolecular materials (polymers)
not pure compounds but molecular mixtures; a polymer molecule, a molecule of average size, is meant.
Biopolymers
contain many types of monomer residues (up to 20 amino acids), linked in a specific sequence (according to the genetic code) to chains of definite length.
identical, monodisperse and represents a single, pure compound (polynucleotides like DNA)
involves substances like proteins, polynucleotides, polysaccharides (cellulose, starch), natural rubber and several gums.
Semi-synthetic polymers
macromolecular reaction products of chemical reactions applied to biopolymers (e.g esters / ethers of cellulose / amylose and vulcanized natural rubber)
take place with substituent or side groups of the biopolymer molecule and leave the main chain largely intact.
regenerated cellulose produced by the viscose process, final product consists again of
unmodified cellulose chains
Rayon
(viscose rayon & art silk)
manufactured regenerated cellulose fiber
produced from naturally occurring polymers, it is neither a truly synthetic fiber nor a natural fiber; it is a semi-synthetic or artificial fiber.
has a high luster quality giving it a bright sheen.
uses includes:
apparel
(e.g. Aloha shirts, blouses, dresses, jackets, lingerie, linings, scarves, suits, neckties, hats, socks),
the filling in
Zippo lighters
and furnishings (e.g. bedspreads, bedsheets, blankets, window treatments, upholstery, slipcovers)
industrial uses (e.g. medical surgery products, non-woven products, tyre cords)
other uses (e.g., yarn, feminine hygiene products, diapers, towels).
production of carbon fiber
Inorganic polymers
ion-exchange resins, which also contain inorganic functional units in the side groups
its main chain also contains atoms other than C, O and N, polyelectrolyte like cellulose sodium xanthate does not belong to inorganic polymers.