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P7 Radioactivity - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Charge +1
      - Mass 1
      - Location - in the nucleus
    - - Charge 0
      - Mass 1
      - Location - in the nucleus
    - - Charge -1
      - Mass 1/2000
      - Location - Orbiting the nucleus in shells
- - - - The rate of decay
    - - The number of decayse per second
  - - - 2 protons + 2 neutrons
      - Highly ionising
      - Can only travel a few centimeters so very short distance
    - - A neutron changes to a proton + electron because the nucleus has too many neutrons compared to its protons
      - Moderately ionising
      - Can only travel a meter or so so not very far
    - - It is uncharged and has no mass. Its emission does not change the number of protons or neutrons in a nucleus.
      - Weakly ionising
      - Can travel long distances because they have no mass and no charge
- - - - Most of the alpha particles passed straight through
      - As the angle of deflection increased, the number of alpha particles deflected per minute decreased
      - Around 1 in 10000 alpha particles were deflected by more than 90 degrees
    - - This showed that the nucleus was a lot smaller than they had previously thought, and the electrons were negatively charged
      - There is a positively charged nucleus at the center of every atom that is much smaller than the atom, and contains most of the atom's mass