7.2 Areas of emerging technology and innovative applications within a commercial and domestic context

Extended Reality

AR-Augmented Reality

VR-Virtual Reality

MR-Mixed Reality

Combines Real world and Virtual world environments

When a concept or object is brought to life which would otherwise only be imagined

3D computer generated world, which can be interacted with.


VR used by many military organisations to train troops.

Overlays digital with physical elements and allows interaction between them (AR just overlays). For example
cogs could be turned or zoomed in on by hand gestures.

Applications of 3D Printing

3D printing in essence is taking a digital file and producing a
3D model from the information in the file.

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The process is known as an Additive Process, which means

that thin layers of material are added on top of each other

until the object is completed.

3D printing uses only one machine to manufacture
an item

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A 3D printer will only use the exact amount of material to

create an object

This is due to the process being additive, so when the object

is finished the process stops.

The object is made from a digital file where the object has
been designed using a CAD package.

Uses of 3D printing

Architectural scale models

Props for theatre and film

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AI

Computer systems designed to perform tasks that would require human intelligence.

Strong AI

Can carry out a range of functions and
can then eventually learn to solve new problems.

Weak AI

the AI, is focused
on one task e.g. diagnostic based on user input.

Applications of AI

Speech recognition

Visual perception

Decision making

Language translation

Machine Learning

Where computer systems automatically learn and improve with experience without being programmed.

Deep Learning

Imitates how a human brain works in respect to the processing of data and creation of patterns in order to make decisions.

IOT

Four Pillars of IOT

People>Data>Process>Things

Benefits to utilizing IOT

E-Commerce

Personal Use

Transport

Financial

Drones

An aircraft without a pilot,crew or people onboard

Drone types of control

RPA-Remotely Piloted Aircraft

Semi autonomous-Can fly on an autopilot for extended periods

Fully Automated flying with no human interaction.

Drones provide military with surveillance 24/7 eye in the sky. The drone can be airborne for 17hrs.

In the UK you must pass a test with the CAA- Civil Aviation Authority to legally fly a drone.

Never fly more than 120m above the surface

DNA as a data storage

DNA already encodes all of the data required to make life, making an ideal storage solution for digital data too.

DNA can be represented in four different states using nitrogenous bases:
adenine (A), cytosine (C), thymine (T), and guanine (G).

Energetic cost- DNA in a encapsulated in a tightly sealed shell with an inert atmosphere should preserve DNA for time ahead.

every nucleus of every cell in your body holds 800 MB
of information.

Human cell nucleus has a diameter of ~10 μm = be 12 000 000 bits/μm3,

ONE gram of DNA can store 215 petabytes of data (215,000) terabytes.

Quantum Computer

A standard computer works in a binary state e.g. 0 and 1 – On / Off

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A Quantum Computer works based on the Probability of the state e.g.

Quantum State, before it is measured or observed. This is a qubit.

They view qubits as being on/off or in both. This is known as Superposition

Each qubit is in superposition

Pairs of qubits can be entangled, which means the state, superposition of one
qubit cannot be changed without altering the other qubit its entangled to.

Quantum teleportation is a technique for transferring quantum
information from a sender at one location to a receiver some distance away.

Quantum Key Distribution

This is a process of encoding a Classical Encryption Key being coded into
qubits.

The qubits are sent to the receiver who measures the qubits to gain the key
values.

Quantum computers use

Analysis of big data sets

Maths and science problem solving