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cultural influences on individual attitudes - Coggle Diagram
cultural influences on individual attitudes
ENCULURATION
not complete when you are 5, 13 or even 50; it is a constant process that reinforces your identity as a member of your culture
e.g. babies are not born with a "culture," they develop an understanding of values, language and expectations of the culture through interacting with gatekeepers
can occur through
direct tuition,
that is, your parents tell you what you are supposed to do
participatory learning
is a type of learning where children engage in an activity and then transfer that learning to later situations
values enculturation
refers to the effects of enculturation on cognition, we are referring to attitudes about social relationships, gender roles, time orientation, morality, etc.
Bandura's Bobo Doll Study
Martin & Halverson ( 1983 )
Martin et al ( 1995 )
Fagot ( 1978 )
Kimball ( 1986 )
ACCULTURATION
the process by which someone comes into contact with another culture and begins to adopt the norms and behaviours of that culture
in a globalised society, we see the physical movement of people from one culture to another
we are also exposed to various cultures around the world through the internet, mass media and film
assimilation
is when an individual abandons their original culture and adopts the cultural behaviours and values of the new culture
when there is an interest in adopting the behaviours and values of the new culture, while still maintaining the original culture is
integration
when migrants maintain their own culture and minimise contact with the new culture is called
seperation
marginalisation
results when it is not really possible to maintain one's original culture, but because of exclusion or discrimination, it is not possible to assimilate into the new culture
...
reverse culture shock
is the feeling of surprise, disorientation, confusion, alienation or frustration experienced when people return to their home culture after living in another culture
acculturation gaps
are the differences in understandings and values between parents and children as they go through the process of acculturation
acculturative stress
is the psychological impact of adaptation to a new culture