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Logistica y operaciones - Coggle Diagram
Logistica y operaciones
1- Strategy
Company subsystems:Direction, administrarion, financial, etc
A company has competition, society, customers, taxes, government, unions, suppliers and financial entities.
Strategy of operations requires all company departents strategies, such as human resources, marketing, financial
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Long term decisions for location and lay out, develpment of products, etc.
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2- R and D
All products have a life time and there exist strategies to extend its life cycle such as cosmetic changes or new technology
With this we can determne if we have a dying product, clasic product, durable product, ideal product
Market variables (acceptability),Technique variables (factibility), Economic variables (profitability)
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5- SCM
Forecasting: measures de future demand of a certain product in a certain time with previous information.
Forecasting is not a prediction becouse the more distant the period of time the more you can get uncertian data
Show us the inventories and how should we use them, for example in a FIFO strategy, LIFO strategy or SIRO strategy, all depends in which product we have.
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Material safety data sheet. This sheet includes all the safety logos we need to put in our wherehouses like extinguisher, warning electricity, flamable substances,etc.
This logos are globally used and everyone needs to use them in order to label hazards an how to avoid them
7- TQM
Basic quality, identifies characteristics of real quality requested by the client, find a way to measure them so the measurer understants it
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Managment system is a structure of work that intergrates policies, processes and information of the company to achive quality, improvements and goals
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There exists methodologies of continues improvement such as Kaizen, 5S, 6 sigma, shingo
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8- Resources managment
Maintenance managments id how the company preserves the company assets in time and exists three types
Preventative
Predictive
Corrective
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Enviormental aspects elements over which an uncontrolled human or natural action can cause an environmental impact, Enviormental impacts are effects produced by a particular human or natural action on an ecosystem
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There are ways to manage soild wates, water wastes, and atmospheric wastes, this is measured in an Enviormental Impacts evaluation
It is important to minimize enviormental inpacts through the manage of solid wastes, water and atmospheric becouse wit this we can have a enviormental engineering by the fusion of ecotechnology and managment of reduction, reduce and recycling
Hazard is an instinc of matter, risk is a probability of damage from the hazard, accidents is when an object falls and damages a person, incident is an object falls and no one gets damaged, and cuasi accident detect the potencial fall of the object and it is avoided
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3- Process desing
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Service blueprint used to see when there exists an interaction with the customer or a line of sight with him.
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Theory of constraints: a production chain strenght is determined by the weakness of its weakness link
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6- Job Desing
Show us the activity scale in which we can see a null, optimum activity and its results in factors like Tiredness
Which is measured in 3 diferent systems, centesimal,Rasa and Bedaux
There exists many time measurement methods but use MTM-2 which show us actions like walking putting, grabing, etc. A worker does and its times if he is a qualified worker
This hekp us see if our workforce is qualified, over qualified or underqualified
Supplements: Percentages used to offset the workplace or worker limitations. They apply to the normal time of the elements necessesary and sufficient time to do the work
Inclludes fixed and variable, fixed likefatigue and variable like enviormental factors
Time measurement methods: MTM, MTMT-2, MOST, Work Factor
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4- Location
Macrolocation is required to see the geograohical location of the business one method used is the Gravity Center Method
Also exists the break even method, either is a good idea to start locatin globally the business
Microlocation is used to take de decision between 3 or more lactions based on parameters like, raw material, workforce, electricity, water, etc
Once the macrolocation is done mircolocation is used to see a more specific location so the financial and no financial costs are the best
Lay out is used to plan the departments and where each room will go in the business in order to reduce costs.
In this order the costs inside the company are the fewer and there can be improvements inside also to lower more