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Holistic Approach on the 5 stages of relationships ending, Gottman's…
Holistic Approach on the 5 stages of relationships ending
Sociocultural Approach
Intrapsychic
Internal happiness with the relationship, feelings not communicated
Why does lack of communication affect relationships
Dyadic and Grave dressing
individuals attitudes on love and marriage across
cultures
Individualist culture
Collectivist culture
changes in beliefs over time, misalignment with partner's values
Biological Approach
Hormones
Couples with lower levels of oxytocin were less likely to stay together (Schneiderman)
Stress response
Physiological stress increases likelihood of negative feelings
Ex: high BPM predicts stonewalling (Gottman)
Changes to biological mechanisms over time
dopamine plays role in EARLY stage romantic love (Fisher)
for longer relationships, there's more activity in attachment-related brain areas instead
domamine levels decrease -> could lead to change in behavior
Cognitive Approach
Attraction : Similarity Model
people may change over time or their similarity may only be initial
people may be hesitant on being open about their feelings about the relationship (commencing the beginning phases of the stages of relationships ending)
relationships can change when people change
Gottman's Four Horsemen Apocalypse
different ways people communicate can contribute to the way a relaitonship works
stonewalling --> intrapsychic
criticism, contempt, defensiveness--> dyadic
Tidwell et al
Theory concludes that: The actual and perceived similarity findings in conjunction suggest that when perceived and actual similarity are both measured in the same manner, perceived similarity is a significantly stronger predictor of liking than is actual similarity
people may perceive someone is a certain way but their perception may be different from reality, leading to a change in relationship
Gottman's emphasis on Communication
Negative communication pattern --> r/s ending
Balance between negative and positive communication
4 Horsemen of relationship apocolypse
what NOT to do when feeling dissatisfaction toward partner
Young and Shrodt family influence on communication style
Individualist culture
High orientation conversations
Open to sharing emotions, sensitive topics
Collectivist culture
Low orientation conversations
Closed off and unwilling to talk about emotions
Expressing emotions poorly --> misunderstandings between partner and individual
Culture affects communication
Enculturation; child learning from the parent's behavior and "communication" culture