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Investigation of thyroid disorders - Coggle Diagram
Investigation of thyroid disorders
How to measure hormones in blood
Immunoassays
Competitive immunoassay
Use a limited amount of antibody
What you measure competes for binding spots
Should be enough antibody to bind 50-60% of labelled analyte
Bound label is inversely proportional to sample amount
Immunometric assay
Specificity depends on epitope recognition
Epitopes for the capture and label antibodies cant overlap
Amount of labelled analyte is directly proportional to the amount of sample
Thyroid function tests
Used to establish if there is thyroid dysfunction
If dysfunctional, used to measure treatment efficacy
TSH receptor antibodies can be tested to indicate hyperthyroidism
Anti-TPO antibodies can be tested to indicate hypothyroidism
tend to measure TSH and free T4 levels together
Hypothyroidism
Secondary hypothyroidism
Biochemistry
Low-normal TSH
Low T4
Low normal T3
Primary hypothyroidism
Biochemistry
Low free T4
Normal free T3
high TSH
Hyperthyroidism
Primary hyperthyroidism
Biochemistry
High free T4
High free T3
Low TSH
Secondary hyperthyroidism
Biochemistry
High/normal TSH
High free T4
High free T3
Subclinical disease
Subclinical Hypothyroidism
Biochemistry
Normal free T4
Normal free T3
Low TSH
Subclinical hyperthyroidism
Biochemistry
Normal free T4
Normal free T3
High TSH