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Forces in Action - Coggle Diagram
Forces in Action
Gears
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Force transmitted to a larger gear will cause a bigger moment, asthe distance to the pivot is greater
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Fluid pressure
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Depth increases, number of particles above that point increases, more particles are able to collide, so pressure increases
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For an object to float, it must weigh less than the weight of the water it displaces
Upthrust, a partially/ totally submerged object experiences a greater pressure on the bottom surface than on the top surface, creates a resultant force upwards, upthrust
Air pressure
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Higher elevation, fewer air molecules above the unit area than the same area at lower heights, so there is a smaller weight and less pressure
Buoyancy is the upwards force that counteracts the wright of the floating object, equal to the weight of fluid displaced
Moments and rotation
For an object attatched to a pivot point, if a force is applied along a line passing through the pivot, the object doesn't roate
If there isa distance between the pivot and the line of action of the force, the object roates about the pivot, in the direction of the force applied
If the object is applied not perpendicular to the object, we need to conside the perpendicular distance from pivot to line of force
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Momentum
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Momentum is always conserved in a collision or explosion (when there are no external forces like friciton or drag)
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One direction is positive, and one is negative
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Safety features
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seatbelts
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Stretching increases the distance moved slightly, but extends the time taken for you to stop
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Crumple zones
Without them, car would immediately stop if they crashed
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Air bags
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You head hits this and slows down, increasing the time taken your head to stop moving, so reduces the force upon the neck
Collisions
Collide and stick
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Add together the momentum of the two seperate objects at the beginning, and equate this to the momentum of the single object at the end
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Explode
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The objects then become tow seperate ones, and move apart
Initial momentum is zero, so final momentum is also zero
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