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Unit 1, 1 Long Bone - Long bones are hard, dense bones that provide…
Unit 1
Respiratory
The respiratory system is an important part of the body. This system is responsible for inspiring oxygen and ensuring that the rest of your body has the oxygen supplied to the muscles. The respiratory system also ensures that we expire the carbon dioxide which helps to remove any lactic acid that has been produced
Medulla Oblongata is responsible for unconsciously inspiring and expiring.
Tidal Volume - Heart Rate
Residual Volume - Is the amount of air left in the lungs even after forced breathing out
The 7 Respiratory Systems Include the nose, mouth, throat, voice box, windpipe, lungs, and diaphragm.
Energy Systems
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate (Consists of Adenosine and three Phosphates
ATP is needed for Muscular Contraction
Cardiovascular System
Skeletal
Muscular
1 Long Bone - Long bones are hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility. Long bones are hard, dense bones that provide strength, structure, and mobility. This is due to the structure and shape of the bones, not their size.
Humerus
Clavicle
Radius
Carpal Bones
Femur
Tibia
Metatarslas
Ulna
Phalanx
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Skeletal
Are flexible muscle fibres that vary from half an inch to over 3 inches in diameter. These muscles contract allowing the muscles to move bones allowing you to perform various movements
Cardiac
A specialised, organised type of tissue that only exists in the heart. It is responsible for keeping the heart pumping and blood circulating around the body. They expand and contract in response to electrical impulses
Smooth
Consists in the stomach and intestines and helps with digestion and nutrient collection.
It is also located in the urinary system where it functions to remove any waste on the and toxins in electrolyte balance
Vena Cava- Transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the right Atrium.
Right Atrium - Top Chamber of the heart that holds deoxygenated blood
Semilunar Valve - Stops blood flowing back into the right ventricle
Pulmonary Artery - Transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Left Atrium - Top chamber of the heart that holds oxygenated blood
Bicuspid Valve - Stops the blood flowing back into the left atrium
Left Ventricle - The Bottom chamber that holds oxygenated blood
SemiLunar Valve - Stops the blood flowing back into the left ventricle
Aorta - Transports oxygenated blood to the rest of the body
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2 Short Bone - Short bones include the carpal bones of the hands that allow movement of the wrist, and the tarsal bones of the feet that allow movement of the foot. Short bones are shaped roughly as a cube and contain mostly spongy bone. The outside surface is comprised of a thin layer of compact bone.
Carpals
Tarsals
Muscle Stores
Glycogen is stored in the muscles which can be reverted to glucose during exercise to be used by working muscles.
Acetyl coenzyme A is broken down into carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions
acetyl coenzyme A enters Krebs cycle
2 ATP are synthesised and made available to fuel muscle contraction
Hydrogen ions are transferred to the electron transport chain
Different Bone Types
Vital Capacity - The volume of air that can be forced out of the lungs after maximum expiration .
Total Lung Volume - The vital capacity + residual volume
Average volume is 6.0 litres
Tri-Cuspid Valve - Stops the blood flowing back into the right atrium
Right Ventricle - Bottom chamber that holds the deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary Vein - Transports oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Septum - A wall that seperates the left from the right side of the heart
Coronery Artery - Arteries that supply blood to the heart
Blood Flow of the Heart
Kreb Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
The hydrogen that was released as part of Krebs cycle is vital in the production of energy. The electron transport chain is the most important step in energy production and where the majority of the ATP is created. As part of the Krebs cycle we accepted the hydrogen acceptor found in the mitochondria where, in the presence of oxygen, ATP can be produced.