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unit 1 - Coggle Diagram
unit 1
cardiovascular
heart: valves, atriums, vena carva, septum, aorta, pulmonary vein, pulmonary artieries,
veins,arteries,capillaries
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right side deoxygenated, left side oxygenated
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blood: red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
functions: Delivering oxygen and nutrients, Removing waste products, Fighting infection, Clotting of blood, thermoregulation
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energy systems
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stores
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-carbs are broken down into glucose and are stored as blood glucose and glycogen- these are high energy compounds used for explosive exercise.
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-fat is better than carbs as it provides twice as much energy- during exercise broken to fatty acids, transported through blood to muscles to be used as fuel-slower process, so more useful for prolonged exercise.
acetyl coenzyme A enters the krebs cycle. acetyl coenzyme A is broken down into CO2 and H ions. 2ATP are synthesised and made available to fuel muscle contraction.
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respiratory
body parts: nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi,bronchioles,alveoli,lungs
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muscles: diaphragm, intercostal muscles
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skeletal
types: long, short, irregular, sesamoid, flat
examples: humerus,femur,clavicle,scapula
functions: anchor muscle, uptake calcium and phosphate, cell production
deseases: osteoporosis, kyphosis, skolliosis
joints: ball and socket, hinge, saddle, pivot, glide
Abduction-taking away from the centre of the body,EG: tricep lifts
Adduction-bringing towards the centre of the body,EG: lowering arms
Flexion-decreasing the angle of the muscle, often pairs with extension with antagonistic pairs,EG: bicep curls (bicep flex).
Extension-increases the angle of the muscle, often pairs with flexion with antagonistic pairs,EG: bicep curl (tricep extends).
Circumduction- its a circular motion using all 4 movements that rotates without moving further or closer to the centre of the body.
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muscular
types: smooth, skeletal, cardiac
examples: bicep, quads, pectorals
fibre:type1,type11a,type11x
functions: movement, oxygen intake, weight baring
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Pronator-the function of the pronator teres, which rotates the forearm so that the palm faces downwards.
supinator- The main function of the supinator is to supinate the forearm. (upward rotation of the forearm making the palm face upwards).
Insertion-the end of the muscle that moves the insertion usually crosses over a joint to allow movement when the muscle shortens.
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