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Unit 1 - Coggle Diagram
Unit 1
Skeletal
Osteoporosis, arthritis, kyphosis and scoliosis
Cartilaginous joints, fixed joints, slightly moveable joints
Extension, flexion, adduction, abduction, rotation, circumduction
Ball and socket, hinge joint, pivot, saddle, gliding
Protection
Attachment for muscles and tendons for movement
Storing minerals
Scapula, humerus, ulna, tibula, fibula, metacarpals, carpals, phalanges, metatarsals, tarsals, patella, verterbrae
Weight bearing - osteoporosis
Synovial fluid - reducing friction between joints
Anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, proximal, distal, superior, inferior
Long bones, short bones, irregular bones, flat bones, sesamoid bones
Synovial fluid, bursa, synovial membrane, articular cartilage, joint capsule, ligament
Source of blood cell production
Increased pliability of ligaments
Muscular
Age - weakens muscle strength
Muscular hypertrophy
Increased muscle temperature
Increased pliability and flexibility
Cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, skeletal muscles
Type 1, type 2a, type 2b
Bicep, tricep, deltoids, obliques, abdominals, hip flexor, gluteus maximus
Pronators, supinators, wrist extensors
Agonistic muscle pairs
Increased blood supply
Increased mitochondria
Increased myoglobin
Increased tolerance to lactate
DOMS
Microtears
Cardiovascular system
Increased strength of cardiac muscles
Increased cardiac output
Atria, vena cava, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein, right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle, tricuspid valve, bicuspid valve
Plasma, platelets, red blood cells, white blood cells
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Clotting blood - plasma
Sinotrial node, bundle of his, purkinje fibres
Anticipatory rise in heart rate before exercise
Increased blood pressure
Cardiac hypertrophy
Decrease in resting heart rate
Decrease in recovery time
High and low blood pressure
Hyperthermia and hypothermia
Energy system
Krebs cycle
The lactate system
Anaerobic glycolysis
The ATP-PC system
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate
ATP synthesised if phosphate added to ADP - forms back to ATP
38 ATP overall
34 ATP from electron transport chain
Glycolysis
Glycogen
Electron transport chain
Aerobic glycolysis
ADP
Adenosine diphosphate
Creatine kinase
Lactic acid production
The aerobic system
Aerobic glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Recovery time - around 3 minutes
Enzymes
Respiratory
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm, epiglottis, trachea, nasal cavity, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli
Increased vital capacity
Increased tidal volume
Medulla oblingata, chemoreceptors
Inspiration and expiration
Increased breathing rate
Increased strength of the lungs / respiratory system
Asthma
Chemical breathing rate
Pulmonary ventilation