Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Glands - Coggle Diagram
Glands
Adrenal Glands
Adrenal glands, located atop the kidneys, regulate vital functions by producing hormones.
Comprising the cortex and medulla, they can lead to issues like adrenal insufficiency or hormone overproduction.
The adrenal cortex produces aldosterone (controls salt balance), cortisol (manages metabolism and stress response), and androgens/estrogen (sex hormones).
The adrenal medulla releases catecholamines, such as epinephrine (increases heart rate, blood pressure, and sugar levels) and norepinephrine (constricts blood vessels).
These hormones play crucial roles in metabolism, immune function, and the body's response to stress.
Exocrine Glands
Simple Glands
Single, unbranched
duct.
Examples include sebaceous glands, intestinal
crypts and uterine glands.
-
Secrete onto a surface and possess ‘ducts’ lined with epithelium; they can either be simple or compound
Endocrine Glands
-
They play a crucial role in maintaining hormonal balance throughout the body in the endocrine system.
Examples include the pituitary gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, and parathyroid glands.
Pituitary Gland
The pituitary gland, a vital part of the endocrine system, secretes hormones that regulate essential body functions. It is located below the hypothalamus and comprises the anterior (adenohypophysis) and posterior (neurohypophysis) pituitary.
-
-
Thyroid Gland
The thyroid gland, situated in the neck, consists of two lobes and plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolic rate, growth, and development.
It produces hormones, including thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), influencing heart, muscle, digestive function, brain development, and bone maintenance.
C-cells within the thyroid produce calcitonin, contributing to the regulation of blood calcium and phosphate levels for bone health.
Pancreas
Exocrine pancreas secretes an alkaline fluid,
containing enzymes (such as trypsinogen and lipase)
and bicarbonate ions, into the duodenum through the
pancreatic duct.
Endocrine pancreas regulates glucose levels in the body by secreting the hormones glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide.
Parathyroid Glands
-
They produce parathyroid hormone, which
plays a role in regulating the body's blood level
of calcium and phosphorus.