Policy learning focuses on governance, implementation, and the conduct of policy across national boundaries, while policy borrowing is more selective and political. There are two approaches to policy borrowing: normative, which identifies and transfers best practices, and an approach that examines why and when certain practices are considered best. Policy borrowing is not entirely rational and depends on political, social, and economic factors. It requires political willingness, problem recognition, and external funding to create a policy window for change.