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Biome of Arctic tundra Adaptions of Emperor Penguins (Vertebrate) - Coggle…
Biome of Arctic tundra Adaptions of Emperor Penguins (Vertebrate)
Origin of Vertebrates - Deuterostomia
First arose in oceans
Chordates ancestor all the way to Tetrpods and Amniotes
Amniotes make up mammals and replies
Have extra embryonic membranes
includes yolk sac, chorion, allantois, amnion
Includes characteristics like scales made up of keratin, lays eggs on land, internal fertilization, and are considered cold blooded
Group of Amphibia Reptilia include birds and reptiles
earliest known bird is Archaeopteryx, distance ancestor or penguin
Mega penguin another ancestor of emperor penguin
Tiktaalik Fossil
evidence of inbetween fish and tetrapod
Having both eyes and a neck along with scales and fins
Number of traits like Notochord among other qualities that evolved, like limbs and digits, along with Amniotic eggs
Neoproterozoic Era
Paleozoic Era
More recent era – Mesozoic and Cenozoic Era
Cambrian explosion , rapid diversification of animals and some extinction due to changes in atmosphere
Emperor Penguin
only found in the Antarcita
Have many adaptations to survive harsh conditions of the Arctic tundra
To stop heat loss, they have two layers of feather and sorter beaks and flippers
Have feathers on legs to keep ankles warm
Another adaptation, their feet have fats that keep them from freezing, and their claws allow them to firmly grip the ice
These birds were able to fly thousands of years ago, but they have since evolved, and now they utilize their fins to help them swim rather than fly.
Females use fins to dive and search for food, while Male incubate the eggs balanced between feet
Between May and June Females lay egg
Females search for food in ocean because the ground is frozen
Fossil recovered from Antarctic Peninsula
Arctic Tundra
Youngest biome, about 10,00 years ago
Includes the Northern Hemisphere, from ice caps of the North Pole
Severe weather, with snowfall for nine months out of the year
Summer months plant exposed to sunlight
Only surface layer of the soil is able to thaw about midsummer, layer of frozen soil that grows before permafrost